基于51单片机的大棚环境土壤湿度光强监测系统proteus仿真原理图PCB

功能介绍：
0.本系统采用STC89C52作为单片机
1.系统实时监测当前温湿度/土壤湿度/环境光强并显示
2.温湿度超过设定阈值范围，蜂鸣器响，同时开启对应控制继电器
3.土壤湿度低于设定下限，开启喷洒，直至达到上限，关闭喷洒
4.环境光强超过设定上限，启动遮阳伞，环境光强低于设定下限，停用遮阳伞
5.按键可修改阈值范围
6.采用DC002作为电源接口可直接输入5V给整个系统供电

原理图：

PCB ：

主程序：

#include "main.h"#define MAXCNT (64*64-1) #define MINCNT (1)/*******************变量定义*********************/ enum _MODE_DF_ dispMode; uchar setIndex = 0; uint humidity; //湿度 uint temperature; //温度 uint light; //光强 float SH_Value = 0;//土壤湿度uint hmMin= 50;//湿度下限 uint hmMax= 70;//湿度上限uint tempMin = 25;//温度下限 uint tempMax = 40;//温度上限uint lightMin = 30;//光照下限 uint lightMax = 60;//光照上限int SH_Value_Min = 30;//土壤湿度下限 int SH_Value_Max = 60;//土壤湿度上限uint motorCnt = 0; //记录遮光棚位置 uchar motorFlag = 2; //标记当前控制状态，=0遮阳棚已关闭，=1过程中，=2遮阳棚已打开 bit motorDir = 0; //方向bit dispFlag = 0;bit buzzerFlag1 = 0; //蜂鸣器标志1 bit buzzerFlag2 = 0; //蜂鸣器标志2char dis[16];/******************************************************** 函数名称:void mian() 函数作用:主函数 参数说明: ********************************************************/ void main() {Timer0_Init(); //初始化定时器0LCD_Init(); //初始化液晶DelayMs(200); //延时有助于稳定LCD_DispStr(4, 0, "Welcome!");DelayS(1);LCD_Clear(); //清屏BYJ48 = ((BYJ48 & 0xF0) | REV[0]); //取数据ULN_DQ3 = BIT3; ULN_DQ2 = BIT2; ULN_DQ1 = BIT1; ULN_DQ0 = BIT0;while (1) //死循环{if (dispFlag == 1){dispFlag = 0;if (dispMode == NORMAL){DispNormal();}}if (humidity < hmMin) //湿度低于下限{buzzerFlag1 = 1;RELAY_JS = ON; //加湿开RELAY_CS = OFF; //除湿关}else if (humidity > hmMax) //湿度高于上限{buzzerFlag1 = 1;RELAY_JS = OFF; //加湿关RELAY_CS = ON; //除湿开}else{buzzerFlag1 = 0;RELAY_JS = OFF; //加湿关RELAY_CS = OFF; //除湿关}if (temperature < tempMin) //温度低于下限{buzzerFlag2 = 1;RELAY_HEAT = ON; //升温开RELAY_COOL = OFF; //降温关}else if (temperature > tempMax) //温度高于上限{buzzerFlag2 = 1;RELAY_HEAT = OFF; //升温关RELAY_COOL = ON; //降温开}else{buzzerFlag2 = 0;RELAY_HEAT = OFF; //升温关RELAY_COOL = OFF; //降温关}if (SH_Value < SH_Value_Min) //土壤湿度低于下限{RELAY_NY = ON; //喷洒}else if (SH_Value >= SH_Value_Max){RELAY_NY = OFF; //停止喷洒}if (motorFlag == 2) //遮阳伞已打开{if (light > lightMax) //光照太强{//关闭遮阳伞motorFlag = 1;motorDir = 1;motorCnt = 0;}}else if (motorFlag == 0) //遮阳伞已关闭{if (light < lightMin) //光照低于下限{//打开遮阳伞motorFlag = 1;motorDir = 0;motorCnt = MAXCNT;}}if (buzzerFlag1 || buzzerFlag2) //蜂鸣器报警{BUZZER = ON;}else{BUZZER = OFF;}KeyProcess();} }/*------------------------------------------------定时器初始化子程序 ------------------------------------------------*/ void Timer0_Init(void) {TMOD |= 0x01; //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响TH0 = (65536 - 9216) / 256; //重新赋值 10msTL0 = (65536 - 9216) % 256;EA = 1; //总中断打开ET0 = 1; //定时器中断打开TR0 = 1; //定时器开关打开 } /*------------------------------------------------定时器中断子程序 ------------------------------------------------*/ void Timer0_Interrupt(void) interrupt 1 {static unsigned int time1ms = 0;TL0 = 0x66; //设置定时初始值TH0 = 0xFC; //设置定时初始值 1mstime1ms++;if (time1ms > 500){dispFlag = 1; //显示标志time1ms = 0;}if (motorFlag == 1){if (motorDir == 1){motorCnt++;BYJ48 = ((BYJ48 & 0xF0) | REV[motorCnt % 8]); //取数据ULN_DQ3 = BIT3; ULN_DQ2 = BIT2; ULN_DQ1 = BIT1; ULN_DQ0 = BIT0;if (motorCnt >= MAXCNT){motorFlag = 0;}}else{motorCnt--;BYJ48 = ((BYJ48 & 0xF0) | REV[motorCnt % 8]); //取数据ULN_DQ3 = BIT3; ULN_DQ2 = BIT2; ULN_DQ1 = BIT1; ULN_DQ0 = BIT0;if (motorCnt <= 0){motorFlag = 2;}}} }void DispNormal(void) {ET0 = 0;DHT11_0_ReadData();ET0 = 1;temperature = U8T_data_H; //读取温度humidity = U8RH_data_H; //读取湿度sprintf(dis, "Hm:%2d%% T:%3d", humidity, temperature);LCD_DispStr(0, 0, dis);LCD_DispOneChar(12, 0, 0xdf);LCD_DispOneChar(13, 0, 'C');LCD_DispOneChar(14, 0, ' ');LCD_DispOneChar(15, 0, ' ');SH_Value = 99 * (255-ReadADC(AIN0_GND)) / 210; //读取土壤湿度if (SH_Value > 99){SH_Value = 99;}light = 100 - 100 * ReadADC(AIN1_GND) / 255; //读取光强sprintf(dis, "L:%2d%% SH:%2d", light, (int)SH_Value);LCD_DispStr(0, 1, dis);if (motorFlag == 2) //遮阳伞已打开{LCD_DispStr(11, 1, " St:O");}else if (motorFlag == 1){LCD_DispStr(11, 1, " St:D");}else if (motorFlag == 0) //遮阳伞已关闭{LCD_DispStr(11, 1, " St:C");}}/************************* 设置湿度阈值 *************************/ void DispSetHm(unsigned char setIndex) {LCD_DispStr(0, 0, " Set Humidity ");sprintf(dis, " H:%2d%% L:%2d%% ", hmMax, hmMin);LCD_DispStr(0, 1, dis);switch (setIndex){case 1: LCD_SetCursor(6, 1, 1); break;case 2: LCD_SetCursor(12, 1, 1); break;default:;} }/************************* 设置温度阈值 *************************/ void DispSetTemp(unsigned char setIndex) {LCD_DispStr(0, 0, "Set Temperature ");sprintf(dis, " H:%3d L:%3d ", tempMax, tempMin);LCD_DispStr(0, 1, dis);switch (setIndex){case 1: LCD_SetCursor(7, 1, 1); break;case 2: LCD_SetCursor(13, 1, 1); break;default:;} }/************************* 设置光照阈值 *************************/ void DispSetLight(unsigned char setIndex) {LCD_DispStr(0, 0, " Set LightLimit ");sprintf(dis, " H:%2d%% L:%2d%% ", lightMax, lightMin);LCD_DispStr(0, 1, dis);switch (setIndex){case 1: LCD_SetCursor(6, 1, 1); break;case 2: LCD_SetCursor(12, 1, 1); break;default:;} }/************************* 设置土壤湿度阈值 *************************/ void DispSetSH(unsigned char setIndex) {LCD_DispStr(0, 0, " Set SH Limit ");sprintf(dis, " H:%3d L:%3d ", SH_Value_Max, SH_Value_Min);LCD_DispStr(0, 1, dis);switch (setIndex){case 1: LCD_SetCursor(6, 1, 1); break;case 2: LCD_SetCursor(13, 1, 1); break;default:;} }

仿真演示视频：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1h3411V7Jn/

实物演示视频：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ee4y1n7ZD/

总结

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