【云原生-K8s】cka认证2022年12月最新考题及指南

最新消息

题型

• 到目前为止，题型还是没有太大的变化，如果对于k8s零基础还是建议通过网上报班系统性的学习，如果对linux和k8s常用命令熟悉则无需报班，在某宝花个100块左右购买辅助资料就行。

最新改版

• 最新的PSI改版后，PSI浏览器开始考试后，会杀掉浏览器进程，所以之前说的在浏览器存书签的做法就没用啦，这就要求对官方文档非常熟悉
• 现在是只有一个单进程的PSI，题目和虚拟机都在里面，因为用的是ubuntu系统，所以文档查看就是内置的火狐浏览器，一般都是在题目、浏览器、文本编辑器来回切换做题。

注意事项

• 建议黑色星期五在官网购买套餐课程，基本上都是5折
  
• 考试最好网络好、摄像头清晰【比如我在某宝买的80块钱摄像头进行认证的时候聚不了焦，被迫换成笔记本】
• 最好使用台式电脑、屏幕大呀，我被迫换车笔记本太难受啦，切换不流畅
• 现在名字支持填写中文啦，建议参考官方文档，官方文档写得非常详细
• 其他的就参考官方文档吧，已经非常非常详细啦，一定要仔细阅读官方文档。
• https://training.linuxfoundation.cn/help
  

真题解析

CKA真题解析-1

kubectl create clusterrole deployment-clusterrole --verb=create --resource=deployments,statefulsets,daemonsets kubectl create serviceaccount cicd-token -n app-team1 kubectl create rolebinding cicd-token --clusterrole=deployment-clusterrole --serviceaccount=app-team1:cicd-token -n app-team1

CKA真题解析-2

kubectl cordon k8s-node21 #设置节点不可调度 kubectl drain k8s-node21 --ignore-daemonsets --delete-emptydir-data #驱逐pod

CKA真题解析-3

• 升级集群

kubectl drain k8s-master --ignore-daemonsets ssh mk8s-master-0 sudo i apt-mark unhold kubeadm apt-get update && apt-get install -y kubeadm=1.23.1-00 apt-mark hold kubeadmkubeadm version kubeadm upgrade plan kubeadm upgrade apply v1.23.1 --etcd-upgrade=false #注意 不升级etcd添加参数apt-mark unhold kubelet kubectl apt-get update && apt-get install -y kubelet=1.23.1-00 kubectl=1.23.1-00 apt-mark hold kubelet kubectlsystemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart kubelet #kubectl get node 版本已经变更exitkubectl uncordon mk8s-master-0#验证 kubectl get node

• https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/kubeadm-upgrade/

CKA真题解析-4

#备份 ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 snapshot save /data/backup/etcd-snapshot.db#恢复 mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak mv /var/lib/etcd/ /var/lib/etcd.bak ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 snapshot restore /data/backup/etcd-snapshot-previous.db --data-dir=/var/lib/etcdmv /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak /etc/kubernetes/manifests

CKA真题解析-5

vi networkpolicy.yaml apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 kind: NetworkPolicy metadata:name: allow-port-from-namespacenamespace: big-corp spec:podSelector: {}policyTypes:- Ingressingress:- from:- namespaceSelector:matchLabels:project: corp-netports:- protocol: TCPport: 9200 kubectl apply -f networkpolicy.yaml

CKA真题解析-6

ports:- name: httpprotocol: TCPcontainerPort: 80kubectl expose deployment front-end --port=80 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort --name=front-end-svc

CKA真题解析-7

vi ingress.yaml apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 kind: Ingress metadata:name: pongnamespace: ing-internalannotations:nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: / spec:ingressClassName: nginx #kubectl get ingressclasses.networking.k8s.io -Arules:- http:paths:- path: /hipathType: Prefixbackend:service:name: hiport:number: 5678 kubectl apply -f ingress.yaml curl -KL xxxx/hi #通过 kubectl get ingress -o wide 查看地址信息

CKA真题解析-8

kubectl scale deployment front-end --replicas=6

CKA真题解析-9

apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: nginx-kusc spec:containers:- name: nginximage: nginxnodeSelector:disk: ssd

CKA真题解析-10

kubectl describe node $(kubectl get node | grep Ready | awk '{print $1}') | grep Taint | grep -vc NoSchedule > /opt/402.txt

CKA真题解析-11

apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: kucc4 spec:containers:- name: redisimage: redis- name: memcachedimage: memcached

CKA真题解析-12

apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolume metadata:name: app-data spec:capacity:storage: 2GiaccessModes:- ReadWriteManyhostPath:path: "/srv/app-data"

CKA真题解析-13

apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim metadata:name: pv-volume spec:storageClassName: csi-hostpath-scaccessModes:- ReadWriteOnceresources:requests:storage: 10Mi --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: web-server spec:volumes:- name: datapersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: pv-volumecontainers:- name: web-serverimage: nginxvolumeMounts:- mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"name: data kubectl edit pvc pv-volume --save-config #--save-config

CKA真题解析-14

kubectl logs bar | grep "unable-to-access-websit" >> /opt/bar

CKA真题解析-15

kubectl get po big-corp-app -o yaml > big-corp-app.yaml cp big-corp-app.yaml big-corp-app.yaml.bakvi big-corp-app.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: big-corp-app spec:containers:- name: big-corp-appimage: busybox:1.28args:- /bin/sh- -c- >i=0;while true;doecho "$i: $(date)" >> /var/log/1.log;echo "$(date) INFO $i" >> /var/log/2.log;i=$((i+1)); tt etz ezzzzzzzzdfxc donevolumeMounts:- name: varlogmountPath: /var/log- name: sidecarimage: busyboxargs: [/bin/sh, -c, 'tail -n+1 -f /var/log/big-corp-app.log']volumeMounts:- name: varlogmountPath: /var/logvolumes:- name: varlogemptyDir: {}

CKA真题解析-16

kubectl top po -A -l name=over.. --sort-by="cpu"

CKA真题解析-17

systemctl start kubelet && systemctl enable kubelet

参考资料

• https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1vA411p77o
• https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1aa4y1p7TC

有其他考试或者k8s方面的需求或者问题沟通，都可以私聊小弟。

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