欢迎访问 生活随笔！
TAG聚合

生活随笔

当前位置： 首页 > 编程资源 > 编程问答 >内容正文

编程问答

CMakeList笔记

发布时间：2023/12/31 编程问答 39 豆豆
生活随笔 收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了 CMakeList笔记 小编觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,帮大家做个参考.

  • 定义

    CMake是一种跨平台编译工具，CMake主要是编写CMakeLists.txt文件，然后通过cmake命令将CMakeLists.txt文件转化为make所需要的Makefile文件，最后用make命令编译源码生成可执行程序或者库文件。

  • 语法规则

    指令是大小写无关的，参数和变量是大小写相关的

    • CMakeLists.txt常见指令
      1、cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)命令
      #指定CMake编译最低要求版本
      例：CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 3.14)

      2、PROJECT(<projectname>)命令
      #给项目命名
      PROJECT(TEST)

      3、ADD_SUBDIRECTORY命令
      #该命令告诉CMake去子目录中查看可用的CMakeLists.txt文件

      4、ADD_EXECUTABLE命令
      #将hello.cpp生成可执行文件hello
      ADD_EXECUTABLE(hello ${SOURCE})

      5、ADD_LIBRARY命令
      #变量SRC_LIST_CPP 与SRC_LIST_C 指定生成test动态库 默认生成静态库 SHARED指定生成库类型为动态库
      ADD_LIBRARY(test SHARED ${SRC_LIST_CPP} ${SRC_LIST_C})
      ADD_LIBRARY(test STATIC util.cpp) # 生成静态库

      6、FILE命令
      #收集c/c++文件并赋值给变量SRC_LIST_CPP ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}代表区当前项目录
      FILE(GLOB SRC_LIST_CPP ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/*.cpp)

      7、INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES命令
      #指定头文件目录
      INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include)

      8、LINK_DIRECTORIES命令
      #指定链接库文件目录
      LINK_DIRECTORIES(${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)

      9、TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES命令
      #指定hello 链接库test
      TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(hello test)

      10、AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY命令
      #AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(dir VAR) 发现一个目录下所有的源代码文件并将列表存储在一个变量中
      AUX_SOURCE_DIRECTORY(. SRC_LIST) # 搜索当前目录下的所有.cpp文件，放到SRC_LIST变量中

      8、SET命令
      #用来显式的定义变量
      例子：
      #用变量代替值，例子中定义SRC_LST代替后面的字符串
      SET (SRC_LST main.c test.c)
      #指定生成库文件的目录
      SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib)

      • 常用变量
      变量名含义
      JECT_NAMEproject命令中写的项目名
      KE_VERSION当前使用CMake的版本
      KE_SOURCE_DIR工程顶层目录，即入口CMakeLists文件所在路径
      JECT_SOURCE_DIR同CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR
      KE_BINARY_DIR工程编译发生的目录，即执行cmake命令进行项目配置的目录，一般为build
      JECT_BINARY_DIR同CMAKE_BINARY_DIR
      KE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR当前处理的CMakeLists.txt所在的路径
      KE_CURRRENT_BINARY_DIR当前处理的CMakeLists.txt中生成目标文件所在编译目录
      KE_CURRENT_LIST_FILE输出调用这个变量的CMakeLists.txt文件的完整路径
      KE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR当前处理的CMakeLists.txt文件所在目录的路径
      KE_INSTALL_PREFIX指定make install命令执行时包安装路径
      KE_MODULE_PATHfind_package命令搜索包路径之一，默认为空
      KE_BUILD_TYPE编译选项，Release或者Debug，如set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE “Release”)
      KE_CXX_FLAGS编译标志，设置C++11编译，set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS “${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11”)

  • 例子

#指定CMake编译最低要求版本3.6 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)#CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE 代替后面的字符串RelWithDebInfo CACHE STRING "build type" set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE RelWithDebInfo CACHE STRING "build type")#给项目命名tutorial project(tutorialLANGUAGES C CXX )#CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY 代替后面的字符串${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR} set(CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR})if(ANDROID)#指定链接库文件目录${OPENSSL_LINK_DIR}link_directories(${OPENSSL_LINK_DIR}) else()find_library(LIBRT rt)find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED) endif() find_package(workflow REQUIRED CONFIG HINTS ..) #指定头文件目录${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR} ${WORKFLOW_INCLUDE_DIR} include_directories(${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR} ${WORKFLOW_INCLUDE_DIR}) #指定链接库文件目录${WORKFLOW_LIB_DIR} link_directories(${WORKFLOW_LIB_DIR})if (KAFKA STREQUAL "y")find_path(SNAPPY_INCLUDE_PATH NAMES snappy.h)#指定头文件目录${SNAPPY_INCLUDE_PATH}include_directories(${SNAPPY_INCLUDE_PATH}) endif ()if (WIN32)set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} /MP /wd4200")set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} /MP /wd4200 /std:c++14") else ()#CMAKE_C_FLAGS代替后面的字符串"${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -fPIC -pipe -std=gnu90"set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wall -fPIC -pipe -std=gnu90")set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wall -fPIC -pipe -std=c++11 -fno-exceptions") endif ()#TUTORIAL_LIST代替后面的字符串 set(TUTORIAL_LISTtutorial-00-helloworldtutorial-01-wgettutorial-04-http_echo_servertutorial-05-http_proxytutorial-06-parallel_wgettutorial-07-sort_tasktutorial-08-matrix_multiplytutorial-09-http_file_servertutorial-11-graph_tasktutorial-15-name_servicetutorial-20-reducer )if (APPLE)set(WORKFLOW_LIB workflow pthread OpenSSL::SSL OpenSSL::Crypto) elseif (ANDROID)set(WORKFLOW_LIB workflow ssl crypto c) else ()set(WORKFLOW_LIB workflow pthread OpenSSL::SSL OpenSSL::Crypto ${LIBRT}) endif ()foreach(src ${TUTORIAL_LIST})string(REPLACE "-" ";" arr ${src})list(GET arr -1 bin_name)#将${src}.cc生成可执行文件${bin_name} add_executable(${bin_name} ${src}.cc)#指定${bin_name}链接库${WORKFLOW_LIB}target_link_libraries(${bin_name} ${WORKFLOW_LIB}) endforeach()if (NOT REDIS STREQUAL "n") set(TUTORIAL_LISTtutorial-02-redis_clitutorial-03-wget_to_redis ) foreach(src ${TUTORIAL_LIST})string(REPLACE "-" ";" arr ${src})list(GET arr -1 bin_name)add_executable(${bin_name} ${src}.cc)target_link_libraries(${bin_name} ${WORKFLOW_LIB}) endforeach() endif()if (NOT MYSQL STREQUAL "n") set(TUTORIAL_LISTtutorial-12-mysql_cli ) foreach(src ${TUTORIAL_LIST})string(REPLACE "-" ";" arr ${src})list(GET arr -1 bin_name)add_executable(${bin_name} ${src}.cc)target_link_libraries(${bin_name} ${WORKFLOW_LIB}) endforeach() endif()if (KAFKA STREQUAL "y")add_executable("kafka_cli" "tutorial-13-kafka_cli.cc")target_link_libraries("kafka_cli" wfkafka ${WORKFLOW_LIB} z snappy lz4 zstd) endif ()set(DIR10 tutorial-10-user_defined_protocol) add_executable(server ${DIR10}/server.cc ${DIR10}/message.cc) add_executable(client ${DIR10}/client.cc ${DIR10}/message.cc) target_link_libraries(server ${WORKFLOW_LIB}) target_link_libraries(client ${WORKFLOW_LIB})set_target_properties(server PROPERTIESRUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/${DIR10}) set_target_properties(client PROPERTIESRUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/${DIR10})

总结

以上是生活随笔为你收集整理的CMakeList笔记的全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决所遇到的问题。

如果觉得生活随笔网站内容还不错，欢迎将生活随笔推荐给好友。