光刻技术L1
1.学习目标
了解光刻的整体概念
● 概述光致抗蚀剂,包括正抗蚀剂和负抗蚀剂 photoresist光致抗蚀剂 就是光刻胶
● 回顾光刻步骤
● 回顾光刻技术,包括不同的设备
2.光刻蚀技术种类 Lithography types
1.光刻(SUSS MA6)
2.纳米压印光刻(EVG 520)
3.电子束光刻(Raith EBPG 5200)
1. Photo lithography (SUSS MA6)
2. Nanoimprint lithography (EVG 520)
3. Electron beam lithography (Raith EBPG 5200)
Photo-litho-graphy: Greek: light-stone-writing
Photolithography is an optical mean of transferring a designed pattern onto a wafer
Designs are usually done using a CAD tool
摄影石刻:希腊语:轻石书写
光刻是一种将设计图案转移到晶圆上的光学方法
设计通常使用CAD工具完成
例子:胶卷摄影 PCB板 CAD设计 lithograph掩膜
4.光刻晶体管
5.工艺流程
•使用CAD工具进行设备/电路设计
掩模制造
•光刻曝光系统(紫外线)
•感光膜(光刻胶)
•晶片和掩模的对准
•光刻胶的曝光
•开发模式
•曝光后处理(金属化、蚀刻),然后发射
•晶圆上的物理结构
• Device/circuit design using a CAD tool
• Mask manufacturing
• Lithography exposure system (UV light)
• Photosensitive film (photoresist)
• Alignment of wafer and mask
• Exposure of the photoresist
• Development of pattern
• Post exposure processing (metallization, etching) followed by liftoff
• Physical structure on the wafer
Process flow
1.surface preparation
Cleaning is carried out to remove typical
contaminants from the surface prior to resist coating,
these include:
• Dust from wafer scribing
• Dust from the atmosphere
• Particles
• Lint from wipes
• Photoresist residue from previous processing
在进行抗蚀涂层之前,进行清洁以去除表面的典型污染物,
这些措施包括:
•晶圆划片产生的灰尘
•大气中的灰尘
•粒子
•湿巾上的棉绒
•先前处理产生的光刻胶残留物
标准清洗流程
5 minute soak in acetone with ultrasonic agitation
5 minute soak in methanol with ultrasonic agitation
5 minute soak in isopropanol with ultrasonic agitation
30 seconds water rinse using de-ionised water
在丙酮中超声搅拌浸泡5分钟
用超声波搅拌在甲醇中浸泡5分钟
在超声波搅拌下,在异丙醇中浸泡5分钟
用去离子水冲洗30秒
硅片底漆
Adhesion promoters are used to assist resist coating
-Resist adhesion is affected by:
Moisture on the surface
•Type of primer
•Resist chemistry
•Surface smoothness
•Surface contamination
附着力促进剂用于辅助抗蚀涂层
-抗蚀剂附着力受以下因素影响:
表面水分
•底漆类型
•抗化学
•表面光滑度
•表面污染
aligner对准器 Diwater 去离子水
Illumination 照明
使用真空泵将晶片固定在卡盘上
分配覆盖晶圆表面2/3的抗蚀剂
通常通过缓慢旋转开始,以均匀分布抗蚀剂(500 rpm)
然后是更快的旋转(3000–5000 rpm)
速度决定厚度和均匀性
Wafer is held onto the chuck using vacuum pump
Dispense resist that covers 2/3 of the wafer surface area
Usually start by slow spin to distribute the resist evenly (500 rpm)
Followed by faster spin (3000 – 5000 rpm)
The speed determines thickness and uniformity
总结
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