SpringBoot高级-检索-SpringBoot整合Jest操作ES

接下来就用SpringBoot来整合ElasticSearch进行测试,pom文件引入了spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch,其实加了data都是用springdata来操作的,他这里确实引入了<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId><version>1.5.12.RELEASE</version> </dependency>SpringBoot默认使用SpringData操作ElasticSearch模块进行操作的,那我们再来分析一下ES的自动配置,来到autoconfigure里边 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.learn</groupId><artifactId>springboot-03-elastic</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>springboot-03-elastic</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>1.5.12.RELEASE</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><dependencies><!--SpringBoot默认使用SpringData ElasticSearch模块进行操作--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.searchbox/jest --><dependency><groupId>io.searchbox</groupId><artifactId>jest</artifactId><version>5.3.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project> 这里有一个data,org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data,data里面有elasticsearch,这是SpringData对ElasticSearch的支持,包括下边大家来看org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch下边还有一个elasticsearchorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest这叫jest,这是一个非常流行的ES客户端工具,他利用HTTP的方式,跟ES进行交互的,所以它有两种方式来操作ES,我们来记录一下,SpringBoot默认支持两种技术,来和ES交互,第一种是JEST,第二种是SpringData ElasticSearch,那我们来看哪种技术生效,到底怎么生效呢,我们还是来下翻,我们先看jest的自动配置,来看JestAutoConfiguration,@Configuration @ConditionalOnClass(JestClient.class) @EnableConfigurationProperties(JestProperties.class) @AutoConfigureAfter(GsonAutoConfiguration.class) public class JestAutoConfiguration {由于我们缺少导了一个包,其实是不生效的,所以默认如果想要他生效,我们需要导入这个包import io.searchbox.client.JestClient;JEST默认是不生效的,需要导入jest的工具包,这里有一个完整描述,我们来看SpringData的自动配置,如果生效就用9200端口进行HTTP交互@Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdownClient") @ConditionalOnMissingBean public JestClient jestClient() {JestClientFactory factory = new JestClientFactory();factory.setHttpClientConfig(createHttpClientConfig());return factory.getObject(); }SpringData有ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,他给我们配置了什么呢,他给我们配置了一个连接,@Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public Client elasticsearchClient() {try {return createClient();}catch (Exception ex) {throw new IllegalStateException(ex);} }这个客户端需要指定一些属性,比如集群里面每一个节点的信息,private Client createNodeClient() throws Exception {Settings.Builder settings = Settings.settingsBuilder();for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : DEFAULTS.entrySet()) {if (!this.properties.getProperties().containsKey(entry.getKey())) {settings.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());}}settings.put(this.properties.getProperties());Node node = new NodeBuilder().settings(settings).clusterName(this.properties.getClusterName()).node();this.releasable = node;return node.client(); }帮我们配置了这么些内容,第一个给我们一个客户端,我们可以用客户端,public String getClusterNodes() {return this.clusterNodes; }我们需要配这个信息,public String getClusterName() {return this.clusterName; }这是我们节点的信息,第二个他还为我们配了什么呢,这个我们就不看了,ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,他给我们配了一个ElasticsearchTemplate@Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean @ConditionalOnBean(Client.class) public ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate(Client client,ElasticsearchConverter converter) {try {return new ElasticsearchTemplate(client, converter);}catch (Exception ex) {throw new IllegalStateException(ex);} }我们这个写template用的已经非常多了,比如我们以前用的JDBC template,操作Redis的Template,操作Rabbit的Template,那么由此可见,Spring在整合很多技术的时候呢,都会引入相关的Template操作就行了,他来操作ES,还引入了ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,他的作用就是启用了ElasticsearchRepository接口,他就类似于JPA的操作方式一样,我们可以写一个接口,来继承于这个Repository,@NoRepositoryBean public interface ElasticsearchRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> extends ElasticsearchCrudRepository<T, ID> {<S extends T> S index(S entity);Iterable<T> search(QueryBuilder query);Page<T> search(QueryBuilder query, Pageable pageable);Page<T> search(SearchQuery searchQuery);Page<T> searchSimilar(T entity, String[] fields, Pageable pageable);void refresh();Class<T> getEntityClass(); }ES的增删改查操作,我们的接口就会有相关的方法,比如这个方法有索引,我们ES中存数据,还有搜索等等,我们可以用这种编程方式,我们可以编写ElasticsearchRepository这个的子接口,来操作ES,这就是类似JPA的操作方式一样,这两种技术,我们先来测Jest,SpringData我们稍后来测,我先把SpringData先注掉,springdata来操作的我们先注掉,<!--SpringBoot默认使用SpringData ElasticSearch模块进行操作--> <!-- <dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId> </dependency> -->我们来导入jest<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.searchbox/jest --> <dependency><groupId>io.searchbox</groupId><artifactId>jest</artifactId><version>5.3.3</version> </dependency>我们先来看JestAutoConfiguration,protected HttpClientConfig createHttpClientConfig() {HttpClientConfig.Builder builder = new HttpClientConfig.Builder(this.properties.getUris());if (StringUtils.hasText(this.properties.getUsername())) {builder.defaultCredentials(this.properties.getUsername(),this.properties.getPassword());}String proxyHost = this.properties.getProxy().getHost();if (StringUtils.hasText(proxyHost)) {Integer proxyPort = this.properties.getProxy().getPort();Assert.notNull(proxyPort, "Proxy port must not be null");builder.proxy(new HttpHost(proxyHost, proxyPort));}Gson gson = this.gsonProvider.getIfUnique();if (gson != null) {builder.gson(gson);}builder.multiThreaded(this.properties.isMultiThreaded());builder.connTimeout(this.properties.getConnectionTimeout()).readTimeout(this.properties.getReadTimeout());customize(builder);return builder.build(); } 比如用户名,密码,重要的是uris,@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.elasticsearch.jest") public class JestProperties {/*** Comma-separated list of the Elasticsearch instances to use.*/private List<String> uris = new ArrayList<String>(Collections.singletonList("http://localhost:9200"));我们是远程主机的,我们只需要配置spring.elasticsearch.jest.uris=http://59.110.158.145:9200我们先来看有没有启动报错,打印连接池已经连接到9200端口了 我们给ES中保存索引,也就是保存工作,一个文档,我们写一个bean类,叫Article,我们要索引一篇文章,这个文章有文章的id,来写一个Integer,还有作者,还有文章的标题,还有文章的内容,我们还要给id字段加一个id注解,来标识这是一个主键 package com.learn.bean;import io.searchbox.annotations.JestId;public class Article {@JestIdprivate Integer id;private String author;private String title;private String content;public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getAuthor() {return author;}public void setAuthor(String author) {this.author = author;}public String getTitle() {return title;}public void setTitle(String title) {this.title = title;}public String getContent() {return content;}public void setContent(String content) {this.content = content;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Article [id=" + id + ", author=" + author + ", title=" + title + ", content=" + content + "]";}} 如何将Article保存在ES中呢,比如我们new了一个Article,我们把它创建出来,我们来设置上他的属性,这是我们的一个文章,如何给ES中保存呢,非常简单,我们Jest里面有一个对象,new一个Index,里面的buider,我们要指定一个索引位置,比如我们把他保存在china,类型是什么呢,我们也来继续指定,type来指定类型,比如news都是一些新闻,保存完我们还可以指定一个id,这个id是什么呢,我们把这几个写好了以后呢,我们接下来点一个build构建,这是我们一个index索引,构建一个索引功能,然后就来执行,指定的时候可能会抛异常,同样的位置try catch一下,这是我们接下来执行,那我们来测试一下能不能run,我们发现执行成功,控制台也没有报错,我们来查询一下,我们有一个索引叫china,我们找news/159.110.158.145:9200/china/news/1 package com.learn.springboot;import java.io.IOException;import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;import com.learn.bean.Article;import io.searchbox.client.JestClient; import io.searchbox.core.Index;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class SpringBootAmqpApplicationTests {@AutowiredJestClient jestClient;@Testpublic void contextLoads() {// 1.给ES中索引(保存)一个文档Article article = new Article();article.setId(1);article.setTitle("好消息");article.setAuthor("zhangshan");article.setContent("Hello World");// 构建一个索引功能Index index = new Index.Builder(article).index("china").type("news").build();try {// 执行jestClient.execute(index);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} } }

我们发现查到了1号的新闻,我们再来尝试一下搜索,使用Jest来进行搜索,我们就以全文搜索为例,这个搜索我们怎么做呢,还是一样,我们这个搜索还是非常简单,Build里面就是查询表达式,我们把JSON直接复制来,指定在哪个索引下搜索,我们在china这个索引下,我们在哪个类型下搜,我们来添加一个news,我们都在这儿搜,然后选一个build,搜索操作我们来构建出来,那么构建出来以后呢,还是一样,用JestClient来执行就行了,把这个搜索放进来,执行完以后会返回一个SearchResult,拿到result给大家输出一下,这里列出了非常多的方法,比如获得命中的记录,转成需要的类型,而且还可以获取相关性的最高得分,总记录数,把它的字符串打印一下就行了{"took":5, "timed_out":false, "_shards":{"total":5,"successful":5,"failed":0}, "hits":{"total":1,"max_score":0.19178301, "hits":[{"_index":"china","_type":"news", "_id":"1","_score":0.19178301, "_source":{"id":1,"author":"zhangshan","title":"好消息","content":"Hello World"}}]}} package com.learn.springboot;import java.io.IOException;import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;import com.learn.bean.Article;import io.searchbox.client.JestClient; import io.searchbox.core.Index; import io.searchbox.core.Search; import io.searchbox.core.Search.Builder; import io.searchbox.core.SearchResult;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class SpringBootAmqpApplicationTests {@AutowiredJestClient jestClient;@Testpublic void contextLoads() {// 1.给ES中索引(保存)一个文档Article article = new Article();article.setId(1);article.setTitle("好消息");article.setAuthor("zhangshan");article.setContent("Hello World");// 构建一个索引功能Index index = new Index.Builder(article).index("china").type("news").build();try {// 执行jestClient.execute(index);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} }@Testpublic void search() {// 查询表达式String json = "{\r\n" + " \"query\": {\r\n" + " \"match\": {\r\n" + " \"content\": \"hello\"\r\n" + " }\r\n" + " }\r\n" + "}";// 构建搜索功能Search search = new Search.Builder(json).addIndex("china").addType("news").build();try {SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);System.out.println(result.getJsonString());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}} }

 

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