python的继承与多态

一，继承 

class Person(object):def __init__(self, name, sex):self.name = nameself.sex = sexdef print_title(self):if self.sex == "male":print("man")elif self.sex == "female":print("woman")class Child(Person): # Child 继承 PersonpassLice = Child("Lice", "female") Peter = Person("Peter", "male")print(Lice.name, Lice.sex, Peter.name, Peter.sex) # 子类继承父类方法及属性 Lice.print_title() Peter.print_title()

二，多态，重写父类方法

class Person(object):def __init__(self, name, sex):self.name = nameself.sex = sexdef print_title(self):if self.sex == "male":print("man")elif self.sex == "female":print("woman")class Child(Person): # Child 继承 Persondef print_title(self):if self.sex == "male":print("boy")elif self.sex == "female":print("girl")Lice = Child("May", "female") Peter = Person("Peter", "male")print(Lice.name, Lice.sex, Peter.name, Peter.sex) Lice.print_title() Peter.print_title()

三，子类重写构造函数

class Person(object):def __init__(self,name,sex):self.name = nameself.sex = sexclass Child(Person): # Child 继承 Persondef __init__(self,name,sex,mother,father):self.name = nameself.sex = sexself.mother = motherself.father = fatherLice = Child("Lice","female","Haly","Peter") print(Lice.name,Lice.sex,Lice.mother,Lice.father)

四，父类构造函数包含很多属性，子类仅需新增1、2个，会有不少冗余的代码，这边，子类可对父类的构造方法进行调用

class Person(object):def __init__(self,name,sex):self.name = nameself.sex = sexclass Child(Person): # Child 继承 Persondef __init__(self,name,sex,mother,father):Person.__init__(self,name,sex) # 子类对父类的构造方法的调用self.mother = motherself.father = father# self.name='haha'Lice = Child("Lice","female","Haly","Peter") print(Lice.name,Lice.sex,Lice.mother,Lice.father)

 

五，多重继承，新建一个类 baby 继承 Child ， 可继承父类及父类上层类的属性及方法，优先使用层类近的方法，

#coding:utf-8 class Person(object):def __init__(self, name, sex):self.name = nameself.sex = sexdef print_title(self):if self.sex == "male":print("man")elif self.sex == "female":print("woman")class Child(Person):passclass Baby(Child):passLice = Baby("Lice", "female") # 继承上上层父类的属性 print(Lice.name, Lice.sex) Lice.print_title() # 可使用上上层父类的方法print('==================') class Child(Person):def print_title(self):if self.sex == "male":print("boy")elif self.sex == "female":print("girl")class Baby(Child):passLice2 = Baby("Lice2", "female") print(Lice2.name, Lice2.sex) Lice2.print_title() # 优先使用上层类的方法

 

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