QT学习:调色板
在实际应用中,经常需要改变某个控件的颜色外观,如背景、文字颜色等。Qt提供的调色板类QPalette专门用于管理对话框的外观显示。QPalette类相当于对话框或控件的调色板,它管理着控件或窗体的所有颜色信息。每个窗体或控件都包含一个QPalette对象,在显示时,按照它的QPalette对象中对各部分各状态下的颜色的描述进行绘制。
在介绍具体用法时我们先来了解以下基本概念,QPalette类有两个基本的概念: 一个是 ColorGroup另一个是ColorRole。其中,ColorGroup 指的是以下三种不同的状态。
(1)QPalette::Active:获得焦点的状态。
(2)QPalette:Inactive:未获得焦点的状态。
(3)QPalette:Disable:不可用状态。
其中,Active 状态与Inactive状态在通常情况下,颜色显示是一致的, 也可以根据需要设置为不一样 的颜色。
ColorRole指的是颜色主题,即对窗体中不同部位颜色的分类。例如,Plte:Window是指背景色,QPalette::WindowText 是指前景色。
QPalette类使用最多、最重要的函数是setColor()函数,此外QPalette类同时还提供了setBrush()函数, 通过画刷的设置对显示进行更改,这样就有可能使用图片而不仅是单一的颜色来对主题进行填充。Qt之前的版本中有关背景色设置的函数如setBackgroundColor()在 Qt5中都被废止,统一由QPalette类进行管理。
接下来我们用代码来熟悉具体用法:
头文件为:
cpp文件为:
#include "palette.h" #include <QHBoxLayout> #include <QGridLayout> Palette::Palette(QWidget *parent): QDialog(parent) {createCtrlFrame();createContentFrame();QHBoxLayout *mainLayout =new QHBoxLayout(this);mainLayout->addWidget(ctrlFrame);mainLayout->addWidget(contentFrame); }void Palette::createCtrlFrame() {ctrlFrame =new QFrame; //颜色选择面板windowLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Window: "));windowComboBox =new QComboBox; //创建一个QComboBox对象fillColorList(windowComboBox); //向下拉列表框中插入各种不同的颜色选项connect(windowComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowWindow()));//连接下拉列表框的active()信号与高边背景色的槽函数ShowWindow()windowTextLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::WindowText: "));windowTextComboBox =new QComboBox;fillColorList(windowTextComboBox);connect(windowTextComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowWindowText()));buttonLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Button: "));buttonComboBox =new QComboBox;fillColorList(buttonComboBox);connect(buttonComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowButton()));buttonTextLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::ButtonText: "));buttonTextComboBox =new QComboBox;fillColorList(buttonTextComboBox);connect(buttonTextComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowButtonText()));baseLabel =new QLabel(tr("QPalette::Base: "));baseComboBox =new QComboBox;fillColorList(baseComboBox);connect(baseComboBox,SIGNAL(activated(int)),this,SLOT(ShowBase()));QGridLayout *mainLayout=new QGridLayout(ctrlFrame);mainLayout->setSpacing(20);mainLayout->addWidget(windowLabel,0,0);mainLayout->addWidget(windowComboBox,0,1);mainLayout->addWidget(windowTextLabel,1,0);mainLayout->addWidget(windowTextComboBox,1,1);mainLayout->addWidget(buttonLabel,2,0);mainLayout->addWidget(buttonComboBox,2,1);mainLayout->addWidget(buttonTextLabel,3,0);mainLayout->addWidget(buttonTextComboBox,3,1);mainLayout->addWidget(baseLabel,4,0);mainLayout->addWidget(baseComboBox,4,1); }void Palette::createContentFrame() {contentFrame =new QFrame; //具体显示面板label1 =new QLabel(tr("请选择一个值:"));comboBox1 =new QComboBox;label2 =new QLabel(tr("请输入字符串:"));lineEdit2 =new QLineEdit;textEdit =new QTextEdit;QGridLayout *TopLayout =new QGridLayout;TopLayout->addWidget(label1,0,0);TopLayout->addWidget(comboBox1,0,1);TopLayout->addWidget(label2,1,0);TopLayout->addWidget(lineEdit2,1,1);TopLayout->addWidget(textEdit,2,0,1,2);OkBtn =new QPushButton(tr("确认"));CancelBtn =new QPushButton(tr("取消"));QHBoxLayout *BottomLayout =new QHBoxLayout;BottomLayout->addStretch(1);BottomLayout->addWidget(OkBtn);BottomLayout->addWidget(CancelBtn);QVBoxLayout *mainLayout =new QVBoxLayout(contentFrame);mainLayout->addLayout(TopLayout);mainLayout->addLayout(BottomLayout); }void Palette::ShowWindow() {//获得当前选择的颜色值QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();QColor color = QColor(colorList[windowComboBox->currentIndex()]);QPalette p = contentFrame->palette(); //获得右部窗体contentFrame的调色板信息p.setColor(QPalette::Window,color); //设置窗体的Window类颜色,即背景色//把修改后的调色板信息应用到contentFrame窗体中,更新显示contentFrame->setPalette(p);contentFrame->update(); }void Palette::ShowWindowText() {QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();QColor color = colorList[windowTextComboBox->currentIndex()];QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::WindowText,color);contentFrame->setPalette(p); }void Palette::ShowButton() {QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();QColor color =QColor(colorList[buttonComboBox->currentIndex()]);QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::Button,color);contentFrame->setPalette(p);contentFrame->update(); }void Palette::ShowButtonText() {QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();QColor color = QColor(colorList[buttonTextComboBox->currentIndex()]);QPalette p =contentFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::ButtonText,color);contentFrame->setPalette(p); }void Palette::ShowBase() {QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames();QColor color = QColor(colorList[baseComboBox->currentIndex()]);QPalette p = contentFrame->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::Base,color);contentFrame->setPalette(p); }void Palette::fillColorList(QComboBox *comboBox) {QStringList colorList = QColor::colorNames(); //获得qt所有内置名称的颜色名列表QString color; foreach(color,colorList) //对颜色名列表进行遍历{QPixmap pix(QSize(70,20)); //新建对象作为显示颜色的图标pix.fill(QColor(color)); //为pix填充当前遍历的颜色comboBox->addItem(QIcon(pix),NULL); //为下拉列表框插入条目comboBox->setIconSize(QSize(70,20)); //设置图标尺寸comboBox->setSizeAdjustPolicy(QComboBox::AdjustToContents);//设置下拉列表的尺寸调整策略} }Palette::~Palette() {}main函数内容为:
#include "palette.h" #include <QApplication>int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {QApplication a(argc, argv);Palette w;w.show();return a.exec(); }运行结果如下图所示:
总结
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