目录

 

 

基本概念

代码与实例

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基本概念

抽象工厂模式（Abstract Factory），提供一个创建一系列相关或相互依赖对象的接口，从而无需指定他们具体的类。

抽象工厂的好处：

           1. 易于交换产品系列，在一个应用中只需要在初始化的时候出现一次，这就使得改变一个应用的具体工厂变得非常容易，它只需要改变具体工厂即可使用不同的产品配置；

           2. 让具体创建实例过程与客户端分离，客户端是通过它们的抽象接口操纵实例，产品的具体类名也被具体工厂分离，不会在客户端代码中出现

对应的UML图如下（此图来源于大话设计模式）

 

代码与实例

程序运行截图如下：

源码如下：

Head.h

#ifndef HEAD_H #define HEAD_H#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std;typedef string Department; typedef string User;//IUser接口，用于客户端访问，解除与具体数据库访问耦合 class IUser{public:virtual void insert(User *user) {}virtual User getUser(int id){ return ""; }virtual ~IUser(){} };//SqlserverUser类，用于访问SQL Server的User class SqlserverUser : public IUser{public:void insert(User *user);User getUser(int id);~SqlserverUser(); };//AccessUser类，用于访问Access的User class AccssUser : public IUser{public:void insert(User *user);User getUser(int id);~AccssUser(); };//IDepartment接口，用于客户端访问，解除与具体数据库访问的耦合 class IDepartment{public:virtual void insert(Department *department){}virtual Department *getDepartment(int id){ return nullptr; }virtual ~IDepartment(){} };//SqlServerDepartment类，用于访问SQL Server的Department class SqlServerDepartment : public IDepartment{public:void insert(Department *department);Department *getDepartment(int id);~SqlServerDepartment(); };//AccessDepartment类，用于访问Access的Deparment class AccessDepartment : public IDepartment{public:void insert(Department *department);Department *getDepartment(int id);~AccessDepartment(); };//IFactory接口，定义一个创建访问Department表对象的抽象的工厂接口 class IFactory{public:virtual IUser *createUser() { return nullptr; }virtual IDepartment *createDepartment(){ return nullptr; }virtual ~IFactory(){} };//SqlserverFactory类，实现IFactory接口，实例化SqlserverUser和SqlserverDepartment class SqlserverFactory : public IFactory{public:IUser *createUser();IDepartment *createDepartment();~SqlserverFactory(); };//AccessFactory类，实现IFactory接口，实例化AccessUser和AccessDepartment class AccessFactory : public IFactory{public:IUser *createUser();IDepartment *createDepartment();~AccessFactory(); };#endif //HEAD_H

Head.cpp

#include "Head.h"void SqlServerDepartment::insert(Department *department) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中给 Department 表增加一条记录！" << endl; }Department *SqlServerDepartment::getDepartment(int id) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中根据 ID 得到 Department 表中的一条记录！" << endl;return nullptr; }SqlServerDepartment::~SqlServerDepartment() {cout << "SqlServerDepartment desconstruction ! " << endl; }void AccessDepartment::insert(Department *department) {cout << "在 Access 中给 Department 表增加一条记录！" << endl; }Department *AccessDepartment::getDepartment(int id) {cout << "在 Access 中根据 ID 得到 Department 表中的一条记录！" << endl;return nullptr; }AccessDepartment::~AccessDepartment() {cout << "AccessDepartment desconstruction ! " << endl; }void SqlserverUser::insert(User *user) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中给 User 表增加一条记录！" << endl; }User SqlserverUser::getUser(int id) {cout << "在 SQL Server 中根据ID得到 User 表一条记录！" << endl;return ""; }SqlserverUser::~SqlserverUser() {cout << "SqlserverUser desconstruction ! " << endl; }void AccssUser::insert(User *user) {cout << "在 Access 中给 User 表增加一条记录！" << endl; }User AccssUser::getUser(int id) {cout << "在 Access 中根据ID得到 User 表一条记录！" << endl;return ""; }AccssUser::~AccssUser() {cout << "AccssUser desconstruction ! " << endl; }IUser * SqlserverFactory::createUser() {return new SqlserverUser; }IDepartment * SqlserverFactory::createDepartment() {return new SqlServerDepartment; }SqlserverFactory::~SqlserverFactory() {cout << "SqlserverFactory desconstruction ! " << endl; }IUser * AccessFactory::createUser() {return new AccssUser; }IDepartment * AccessFactory::createDepartment() {return new AccessDepartment; }AccessFactory::~AccessFactory() {cout << "AccessFactory desconstruction ! " << endl; }

main.cpp

#include "Head.h"int main(int *argc, int *argv){User *user = new User();Department *department = new Department();IFactory *factory = new SqlserverFactory();//IFactory *factory = new AccessFactory();IUser *iuser = factory->createUser();iuser->insert(user);iuser->getUser(1);IDepartment *iDepartment = factory->createDepartment();iDepartment->insert(department);iDepartment->getDepartment(1);cout << "\n 开始析构了！" << endl;delete iDepartment;delete iuser;delete factory;delete user;delete department;cout << "\n------------ 华 丽 的 结 束 分 割 线 ------------" << endl;getchar();return 0; }

 

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