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ISP采用的 ISIS链接状态路由协议

发布时间：2025/3/21 编程问答 49 豆豆

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ISIS

特点：较快的会聚速度，高稳定性，可扩展性默认度量值都是10 NSAP地址相当于ospf里的router-id 都是唯一的！通过LSP获取区域路径] network-entity的格式：Area = 49.0001, System ID = aaaa.bbbb.cccc, NSEL = 00 area：为可变长度部分，范围为1-13个字节。 System ID：是IS或ES在区域内的唯一标识，总共为6个字节，可以使用MAC地址或由IP地址转化得到。 NSEL：service identifier，共一个字节。（00表示在ip环境） AFI=49为私有地址空间，类似于私有的IP地址 R1>en R1#conf t R1(config)#inter loop 0 配置环回口 R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#inter f0/0 物理地址 R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shut R1(config-if)#end R1(config)#router isis R1(config-router)#net 49.0001.0001.0001.0001.00 ISIS NET地址 R1(config-router)#ex R1(config)#inter f0/0 运行isis协议 R1(config-if)#ip router isis R1(config-if)#inter loop 0 R1(config-if)#ip router isis R1(config-if)#end R1#show isis neighbors 查看isis邻居关系发现有2个优化一下 System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id R2 L1 Fa0/0 192.168.12.2 UP 8 R2.01 R2 L2 Fa0/0 192.168.12.2 UP 8 R2.01 R1#conf t R1(config)#router isis R1(config-router)#is-type level-1 把类型改成1 R1(config-router)#end R1#show isi neighbors System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id R1#show isi neighbors System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id 发现只有一个了 R2 L1 Fa0/0 192.168.12.2 UP 9 R2.01 R2配置： R2>en R2#conf t R2(config)#inter f0/0 R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#inter f0/1 R2(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#inter loop 0 R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 R2(config-if)#no shut R2(config-if)#ex R2(config)#router isis R2(config-router)#net 49.0001.0002.0002.0002.00 R2(config-router)#ex R2(config)#inter f0/0 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R2(config-if)#inter f0/1 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R2(config-if)#int loop 0 R2(config-if)#ip router isis R3配置 R3>en R3#conf t R3(config)#inter loop 0 R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#inter f0/0 R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.23.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config-if)#inter f0/1 R3(config-if)#ip address 192.168.34.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shut R3(config)#router isis R3(config-router)#net 49.0002.0003.0003.0003.00 R3(config-router)#ex R3(config)#inter f0/0 R3(config-if)#ip router isis R3(config-if)#inter f0/1 R3(config-if)#ip router isis R3(config-if)#inter loop 0 R3(config-if)#ip router isis R3(config-if)#end R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set i L2 192.168.12.0/24 [115/20] via 192.168.23.2, FastEthernet0/0 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets i L2 1.1.1.1 [115/30] via 192.168.23.2, FastEthernet0/0 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets i L2 2.2.2.2 [115/20] via 192.168.23.2, FastEthernet0/0 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets i L1 4.4.4.4 [115/20] via 192.168.34.4, FastEthernet0/1 C 192.168.23.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.34.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1 R3#write Building configuration... [OK] R4配置： R4>en R4#conf t R4(config)#inter f0/0 R4(config-if)#ip address 192.168.34.4 255.255.255.0 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#inter loop 0 R4(config-if)#ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 R4(config-if)#no shut R4(config-if)#ex R4(config)#router isis R4(config-router)#net 49.0002.0004.0004.0004.00 R4(config-router)#ex R4(config)#inter f0/0 R4(config-if)#ip router isis R4(config-if)#inter loop 0 R4(config-if)#ip router isis R4(config-if)#end R4#show ip rout *Mar 1 00:11:46.507: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console R4#show ip rout Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is 192.168.34.3 to network 0.0.0.0 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets i L1 3.3.3.3 [115/20] via 192.168.34.3, FastEthernet0/0 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0 i L1 192.168.23.0/24 [115/20] via 192.168.34.3, FastEthernet0/0 C 192.168.34.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 i*L1 0.0.0.0/0 [115/10] via 192.168.34.3, FastEthernet0/0 R4#ping 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! R4#show isis neighbors System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id R3 L1 Fa0/0 192.168.34.3 UP 29 R4.01 R3 L2 Fa0/0 192.168.34.3 UP 26 R4.01 R4#conf t R4(config)#router isis R4(config-router)#is-type level-1 R4(config-router)#end R4#end *Mar 1 00:15:09.095: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console R4#ping 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: ..... R4#ping 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: U.U.! Success rate is 20 percent (1/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 120/120/120 ms R4#ping 1.1.1.1 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 48/70/108 ms R4# R4#write Building configuration... [OK] S-IS路由器角色和信息交换 ⒈ L1，Level 1，只负责区域内路由，类似于OSPF的内部非骨干路由器。只能通告给L1和L1/L2。 ⒉ L2，Level 2，只负责区域间路由，类似于OSPF的骨干路由器。L2和L1/L2。 ⒊L1/L2，Level 1-2，同时负责区域内和区域间路由，类似于OSPF的ABR。包含两个独立的Level 1 和Level 2数据库。但它不向L1路由器通告L2路由，所以L1路由器不会学到区域外的路由，这有点像OSPF的完全末节区域。 NET算法例如：202.106.1.1 32位表示成48位 202.106.001.001 2021.0600.1001
本文转自 cs312779641 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/chenhao6/1176056

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