EasyX实现俄罗斯方块游戏

文章目录

• • 1 启动页面
  • • 1.1 启动页面分析
    • 1.2 启动界面代码实现
  • 2 初始化游戏环境
  • • 2.1 界面效果及分析
    • 2.2 代码实现
  • 3 新方块
  • • 3.1 显示效果
    • 3.2 分析
    • 3.3 代码实现
  • 4 降落方块
  • • 4.1 使用访问数组确定是否有方块
    • 4.2 设计游戏循环
  • 5 全部代码实现

1 启动页面

1.1 启动页面分析

启动页面：

启动页面分析：

启动界面的大小为：550 X 660（像素）。

1.2 启动界面代码实现

# include <stdio.h> # include <graphics.h> void welcome(void) {initgraph(550, 660);// 设置窗口标题HWND hwnd = GetHWnd();SetWindowText(hwnd, "俄罗斯方块");//Sleep(2000);// 游戏标题setfont(40, 0, "微软雅黑");setcolor(WHITE);outtextxy(205, 200, "俄罗斯方块!");// 游戏副标题setfont(22, 0, "楷体");outtextxy(175, 300, "编程，从俄罗斯方块开始！");Sleep(3000); }int main() {welcome();closegraph();return 0; }

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2 初始化游戏环境

2.1 界面效果及分析

效果：

分析：

2.2 代码实现

int score = 0; // 总分 int rank = 0; //等级void initGameScene() {char str[16];cleardevice();setcolor(WHITE);rectangle(29, 29, 334, 633);rectangle(27, 27, 336, 635);rectangle(370, 50, 515, 195);setfont(24, 0, "楷体");setcolor(LIGHTGRAY);outtextxy(405, 215, "下一个:");setcolor(RED);outtextxy(405, 280, "分数:");sprintf(str, "%d", score);outtextxy(415, 310, str);outtextxy(405, 375, "等级:");sprintf(str, "%d", rank);outtextxy(425, 405, str);setfont(22, 0, "楷体");setcolor(LIGHTBLUE);outtextxy(390, 475, "操作说明:");outtextxy(390, 500, "↑: 旋转");outtextxy(390, 525, "↓: 下降");outtextxy(390, 550, "←: 左移");outtextxy(390, 575, "→: 右移");outtextxy(390, 600, "空格: 暂停"); }int main() {welcome();initGameScene();system("pause");closegraph();return 0; }

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3 新方块

3.1 显示效果

3.2 分析

以L型方块为例：

每个方块有4种形态：4个方向，所以使用4个二维数组来表示1种方块。

{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }

3.3 代码实现

#define BLOCK_COUNT 5 #define BLOCK_WIDTH 5 #define BLOCK_HEIGHT 5 #define UNIT_SIZE 20 //小砖块的宽度和高度int color[BLOCK_COUNT] = {GREEN,CYAN,MAGENTA,BROWN,YELLOW };int NextIndex = -1;int block[BLOCK_COUNT * 4][BLOCK_HEIGHT][BLOCK_WIDTH] = {// | 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// L 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// 田 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// T 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// Z 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }, };void clearBlock(int x, int y) {setcolor(BLACK);setfont(23, 0, "楷体");for (int i = 0; i<BLOCK_HEIGHT; i++)for (int j = 0; j<BLOCK_WIDTH; j++)outtextxy(x + UNIT_SIZE*j, y + UNIT_SIZE*i, "■"); }void drawBlock(int x, int y, int index) {setfont(23, 0, "楷体");setcolor(color[index]);for (int i = 0; i<5; i++)for (int j = 0; j<5; j++)if (block[4 * index][i][j] == 1)outtextxy(x + 20 * j, y + 20 * i, "■"); }void nextblock() {int x = 391, y = 71;//在右侧的提示区清除原来的方块clearBlock(x, y);// 在右侧的提示区绘制新方块// 1. 产生新的方块srand(time(NULL));NextIndex = rand() % BLOCK_COUNT;// 2. 绘制drawBlock(x, y, NextIndex); }int main() {welcome();initGameScene();nextblock();system("pause");closegraph();return 0; }

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4 降落方块

4.1 使用访问数组确定是否有方块

int visit[30][15], Color[30][15]; // visit[i][j] == 1 表示该位置有方块int main() {welcome();initGameScene();nextblock();// 清空访问数组Sleep(500);memset(visit, 0, sizeof(visit));system("pause");closegraph();return 0; }

4.2 设计游戏循环

int BlockIndex = -1; //当前方块的序号void newblock() { //新方块下降}int main() {welcome();initGameScene();nextblock();// 清空访问数组Sleep(500);memset(visit, 0, sizeof(visit));// 最开始时， 第一个方块，就是下一个方块BlockIndex = NextIndex;while (1){newblock();}system("pause");closegraph();return 0; }

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5 全部代码实现

#include <stdio.h> #include <graphics.h> #include <time.h> #include <conio.h> //kbhit()使用int score = 0; //总分 int rank = 0; //等级#define BLOCK_COUNT 5 #define BLOCK_WIDTH 5 #define BLOCK_HEIGHT 5 #define UNIT_SIZE 20#define START_X 130 #define START_Y 30#define KEY_UP 72 #define KEY_RIGHT 77 #define KEY_DOWN 80 #define KEY_LEFT 75 #define KEY_SPACE 32int speed = 500; int minX = 30; int minY = 30;typedef enum {BLOCK_UP,BLOCK_RIGHT,BLOCK_DOWN,BLOCK_LEFT } block_dir_t;typedef enum {MOVE_DOWN,MOVE_LEFT,MOVE_RIGHT } move_dir_t;int NextIndex = -1; //下一个方块的种类 int BlockIndex = -1; //当前方块的种类int color[BLOCK_COUNT] = {GREEN, CYAN, MAGENTA, BROWN, YELLOW };int visit[30][15]; //访问数组 int markColor[30][15]; //表示对应位置的颜色int block[BLOCK_COUNT*4][BLOCK_HEIGHT][BLOCK_WIDTH] = {// | 型方块{0, 0, 0, 0, 0,0, 0, 1, 0, 0,0, 0, 1, 0, 0,0, 0, 1, 0, 0,0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// L 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// 田 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// T 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },// Z 形方块{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },{ 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 } };// 欢迎界面 void welcome(void) {// 初始化画布initgraph(550, 660);// 设置窗口标题HWND window = GetHWnd(); //获取窗口SetWindowText(window, _T("俄罗斯方块 奇牛学院 Rock")); //设置窗口标题// 设置文本的字体样式setfont(40, 0, _T("微软雅黑"));setcolor(WHITE);outtextxy(205, 200, _T("俄罗斯方块"));setfont(22, 0, _T("楷体"));outtextxy(175, 300, _T("编程， 从俄罗斯方块开始!"));Sleep(3000); //睡眠（暂停）3000毫秒，3秒针 }// 初始化游戏场景 void initGameScene(void) {char str[16];//清除屏幕cleardevice();rectangle(27, 27, 336, 635);rectangle(29, 29, 334, 633);rectangle(370, 50, 515, 195);setfont(24, 0, _T("楷体"));setcolor(LIGHTGRAY);outtextxy(405, 215, _T("下一个"));setcolor(RED);outtextxy(405, 280, _T("分数"));sprintf(str, "%d", score); outtextxy(415, 310, str);outtextxy(405, 375, _T("等级"));sprintf(str, "%d", rank); outtextxy(425, 405, str);// 操作说明 ↑ ↓ ← →setcolor(LIGHTBLUE);outtextxy(390, 475, "操作说明");outtextxy(390, 500, "↑：旋转");outtextxy(390, 525, "↓: 下降");outtextxy(390, 550, "←: 左移");outtextxy(390, 575, "→: 右移");outtextxy(390, 600, "空格：暂停"); }void clearBlock(void) {setcolor(BLACK);setfont(23, 0, "楷体");for (int i=0; i<BLOCK_HEIGHT; i++) {for (int j=0; j<BLOCK_WIDTH; j++) {//"■"int x = 391 + j * UNIT_SIZE;int y = 71 + i * UNIT_SIZE;outtextxy(x, y, "■");}} }// 绘制方块 void drawBlock(int x, int y) {setcolor(color[NextIndex]);setfont(23, 0, "楷体");for (int i=0; i<BLOCK_HEIGHT; i++) {for (int j=0; j<BLOCK_WIDTH; j++) {//"■"if (block[NextIndex*4][i][j] == 1) {int x2 = x + j * UNIT_SIZE;int y2 = y + i * UNIT_SIZE;outtextxy(x2, y2, "■");}}} }// 绘制方块: 在指定位置绘制指定方块的指定方向 void drawBlock(int x, int y, int blockIndex, block_dir_t dir) {setcolor(color[blockIndex]);setfont(23, 0, "楷体");int id = blockIndex * 4 + dir;for (int i=0; i<BLOCK_HEIGHT; i++) {for (int j=0; j<BLOCK_WIDTH; j++) {//"■"if (block[id][i][j] == 1) {int x2 = x + j * UNIT_SIZE;int y2 = y + i * UNIT_SIZE;outtextxy(x2, y2, "■");}}} }// 清除指定位置指定方向的方块 // 参数x: 方块的左上角的x坐标 // 参数y: 方块的左上角在游戏区域内的坐标，距离游戏区域顶部的距离 void clearBlock(int x, int y, block_dir_t dir) {setcolor(BLACK);int id = BlockIndex * 4 + dir;y += START_Y;for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {for (int j=0; j<5; j++) {if (block[id][i][j] == 1) {// 擦除该方块的第i行的第j列outtextxy(x+20*j, y+i*20, "■");}}} }void nextblock(void) {clearBlock(); // 清除右上角区域// 随机选择一种方块srand(time(NULL)); //使用时间函数的返回值，来作为随机种子NextIndex = rand() % BLOCK_COUNT;drawBlock(391, 71); }// 如果在指定位置可以向指定方向移动，就返回1， 否则就返回0 int moveable(int x0, int y0, move_dir_t moveDir, block_dir_t blockDir) {// 计算当前方块的左上角在30x15的游戏区中的位置（第多少行，第多少列）int x = (y0 - minY) / UNIT_SIZE;int y = (x0 - minX) / UNIT_SIZE;int id = BlockIndex * 4 + blockDir;int ret = 1;if (moveDir == MOVE_DOWN) {for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {for (int j=0; j<5; j++) {if (block[id][i][j] == 1 &&(x + i + 1 >= 30 || visit[x+i+1][y+j] == 1)) {ret = 0;}}}} else if (moveDir == MOVE_LEFT) {for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {for (int j=0; j<5; j++) {if (block[id][i][j] == 1 &&(y + j == 0 || visit[x+i][y+j-1]==1)) {ret = 0;}}}} else if (moveDir == MOVE_RIGHT) {for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {for (int j=0; j<5; j++) {if (block[id][i][j] == 1 && (y+j+1>=15 || visit[x+i][y+j+1]==1)) {ret = 0;}}}}return ret; }// 检测游戏是否结束 void failCheck() {if (!moveable(START_X, START_Y, MOVE_DOWN, BLOCK_UP)) {setcolor(WHITE);setfont(45, 0, "隶体");outtextxy(75, 300, "GAME OVER!");Sleep(1000);system("pause");closegraph();exit(0);} }// 判断当前方块是否可以转向到指定方向 // 注意， 此时还没有转到该方向！！！ int rotatable(int x, int y, block_dir_t dir) {int id = BlockIndex * 4 + dir;int xIndex = (y - minY) / 20;int yIndex = (x - minX) / 20;if (!moveable(x, y, MOVE_DOWN, dir)) {return 0;}for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {for (int j=0; j<5; j++) {if (block[id][i][j] == 1 &&(yIndex+j<0 || yIndex+j>=15 || visit[xIndex+i][yIndex+j]==1)) {return 0;}}}return 1; }void wait(int interval) { int count = interval / 10;for (int i=0; i<count; i++) {Sleep(10);if (kbhit()) {return;}} }void mark(int x, int y, int blockIndex, block_dir_t dir) {int id = blockIndex * 4 + dir;int x2 = (y - minY) / 20;int y2 = (x - minX) / 20;for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {for (int j=0; j<5; j++) {if (block[id][i][j] == 1) {visit[x2+i][y2+j] = 1;markColor[x2+i][y2+j] = color[blockIndex];}}} }void move(void){int x = START_X;int y = START_Y;int k = 0;block_dir_t blockDir = BLOCK_UP;int curSpeed = speed;// 检测游戏是否结束failCheck();// 持续向下降落while (1) {if (kbhit()) {int key = getch();if (key == KEY_SPACE) {getch();}}// 清除当前方块clearBlock(x, k, blockDir);if (kbhit()) {int key = getch();if(key == KEY_UP) {block_dir_t nextDir = (block_dir_t)((blockDir + 1) % 4);if (rotatable(x, y+k, nextDir)) {blockDir = nextDir;}} else if (key == KEY_DOWN) {curSpeed = 50;} else if (key == KEY_LEFT) {if (moveable(x, y+k+20, MOVE_LEFT, blockDir)) {x -= 20;}} else if (key ==KEY_RIGHT) {if (moveable(x, y+k+20, MOVE_RIGHT, blockDir)) {x += 20; //x = x + 20;}}}k += 20;// 绘制当前方块drawBlock(x, y+k, BlockIndex, blockDir);wait(curSpeed);//k += 20;// 方块的“固化”处理if (!moveable(x, y+k, MOVE_DOWN, blockDir)) {mark(x, y+k, BlockIndex, blockDir);break;}} }void newblock() {// 确定即将使用的方块的类别BlockIndex = NextIndex;// 绘制刚从顶部下降的方块drawBlock(START_X, START_Y);// 让新出现的方块暂停一会，让用户识别到Sleep(100); //0.1秒// 在右上角区域，绘制下一个方块nextblock();// 方块降落move(); }//消除第x行，并把上面的行都下移 void down(int x){for (int i=x; i>0; i--) {// 消除第i行，第j列的方格消除for (int j=0; j<15; j++) {if (visit[i-1][j]) {visit[i][j] = 1;markColor[i][j] = markColor[i-1][j];setcolor(markColor[i][j]);outtextxy(20*j + minX, 20*i+minY, "■");} else {visit[i][j] = 0;setcolor(BLACK);outtextxy(20*j + minX, 20*i+minY, "■");}}}// 清除最顶上的哪一行（就是行标为0的那一行）setcolor(BLACK);for (int j=0; j<15; j++) {visit[0][j] = 0;outtextxy(20*j + minX, minY, "■");} }// 更新分数，参数lines表示消除的行数 void addScore(int lines) {char str[32];setcolor(RED);score += lines * 10;sprintf(str, "%d", score);outtextxy(415, 310, str); }void updateGrade() {// 更新等级的提示// 假设：50分一级rank = score / 50;char str[16];sprintf(str, "%d", rank);outtextxy(425, 405, str);// 更新速度, 等级越高，速度越快，speed越小！// 最慢：500， 最快是100speed = 500 - rank*100;if (speed <= 100) {speed = 100;} }void check(void) {int i, j;int clearLines = 0;for (i=29; i>=0; i--) {// 检查第i行有没有满for (j=0; j<15 && visit[i][j]; j++) ;//执行到此处时，有两种情况：// 1. 第i行没有满，即表示有空位 此时 j<15// 2. 第i行已满了，此时 j>=15if (j >= 15) {// 此时，第i行已经满了，就需要消除第i行down(i); //消除第i行，并把上面的行都下移i++; // 因为最外层的循环中有 i--, 所以我们先i++, 使得下次循环时，再把这一行检查一下clearLines++;}}// 更新分数addScore(clearLines);// 更新等级(更新等级提示，更新速度）updateGrade(); }int main(void) {welcome();initGameScene();// 产生新方块nextblock();Sleep(500);// 初始化访问数组memset(visit, 0, sizeof(visit));while (1) {newblock();// 消除满行，并更新分数和速度check();}system("pause");closegraph();return 0; }

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参考资料：

C/C++从入门到精通-高级程序员之路【奇牛学院】

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