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文档型数据库mongodb介绍2-副本集

发布时间:2025/4/14 数据库 40 豆豆
生活随笔 收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了 文档型数据库mongodb介绍2-副本集 小编觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,帮大家做个参考.

一。 副本集介绍

     之前的文章介绍了 mongodb主从 mongodb提供了另外一种 基于副本集的集群 该方式 是一主一从的升级版  一主多从,

仍然是主节点负责写入 从节点定时同步主节点数据 使用该种方式 从节点可以负责读取的操作 主节点负责写入 可以轻松实现读写分离

  同时该集群方式支持自动故障转移  集群中所有节点间保持心跳 发现主节点宕机后 选举一个新的主节点


二。 副本集搭建

查看支持的三种集群参数
  mongod --help  
  帮助中 默认的参数 dbpath都有注释 可以查看
集群帮助如下:  

Master/slave options (old; use replica sets instead): 主从集群 --master master mode--slave slave mode--source arg when slave: specify master as <server:port>--only arg when slave: specify a single database to replicate--slavedelay arg specify delay (in seconds) to be used when applying master ops to slave--autoresync automatically resync if slave data is staleReplica set options: 副本集集群--replSet arg arg is <setname>[/<optionalseedhostlist>]--replIndexPrefetch arg specify index prefetching behavior (if secondary) [none|_id_only|all]--enableMajorityReadConcern enables majority readConcernSharding options: 分片集群--configsvr declare this is a config db of a cluster; default port 27019; default dir /data/configdb--shardsvr declare this is a shard db of a cluster; default port 27018环境:

副本集名称 myrep 主从自动选举 192.168.58.147,192.168.58.149,192.168.58.150分别在每台机器创建数据目录和启动

mkdir -p /data/db mongod --port "27017" --dbpath "/data/db" --replSet "myrep" 任意一台机器 使用mongo连接进入 设置集群配置

config = { _id:"myrep", members:[ ... {_id:0,host:"192.168.58.147:27017"}, ... {_id:1,host:"192.168.58.149:27017"}, ... {_id:2,host:"192.168.58.150:27017"}] ... }进入admin数据库  初始化配置

use admin rs.initiate(config);查看状态 查询哪个是主节点  PRIMARY表示主节点  SECONDARY表示从节点
"members" : [{"_id" : 0,"name" : "192.168.58.147:27017","health" : 1,"state" : 1,"stateStr" : "PRIMARY","uptime" : 113,"optime" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509178311, 1),"t" : NumberLong(1)},"optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:51Z"),"infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from","electionTime" : Timestamp(1509178280, 1),"electionDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:20Z"),"configVersion" : 1,"self" : true},{"_id" : 1,"name" : "192.168.58.149:27017","health" : 1,"state" : 2,"stateStr" : "SECONDARY","uptime" : 50,"optime" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509178311, 1),"t" : NumberLong(1)},"optimeDurable" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509178311, 1),"t" : NumberLong(1)},"optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:51Z"),"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:51Z"),"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:58.642Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:58.423Z"),"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),"syncingTo" : "192.168.58.150:27017","configVersion" : 1},{"_id" : 2,"name" : "192.168.58.150:27017","health" : 1,"state" : 2,"stateStr" : "SECONDARY","uptime" : 50,"optime" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509178311, 1),"t" : NumberLong(1)},"optimeDurable" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509178311, 1),"t" : NumberLong(1)},"optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:51Z"),"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:51Z"),"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:58.648Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:11:58.797Z"),"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),"syncingTo" : "192.168.58.147:27017","configVersion" : 1}],"ok" : 1
主节点为147,测试数据插入
myrep:PRIMARY> use kkk switched to db kkk myrep:PRIMARY> db.mycol.insert(name:'zs',sex:'boy') 2017-10-28T01:19:25.629-0700 E QUERY [thread1] SyntaxError: missing ) after argument list @(shell):1:20 myrep:PRIMARY> db.mycol.insert({name:'zs',sex:'boy'}) WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 }) myrep:PRIMARY> show dbs admin 0.000GB kkk 0.000GB local 0.000GB test 0.000GB myrep:PRIMARY> cd kkk 2017-10-28T01:19:49.855-0700 E QUERY [thread1] SyntaxError: missing ; before statement @(shell):1:3 myrep:PRIMARY> use kkk switched to db kkk myrep:PRIMARY> show tables mycol myrep:PRIMARY> db.mycol.find() { "_id" : ObjectId("59f43d9808241ee611659c95"), "name" : "zs", "sex" : "boy" }149 mongo命令进入当前机器服务

myrep:SECONDARY> db.getMongo().setSlaveOk(); 设置可读 myrep:SECONDARY> show dbs admin 0.000GB kkk 0.000GB local 0.000GB test 0.000GB 发现kkk数据库已经被创建了 也就是正常同步数据

测试关闭147 主节点
149客户端查看集群状态

"members" : [{"_id" : 0,"name" : "192.168.58.147:27017","health" : 0,"state" : 8,"stateStr" : "(not reachable/healthy)", 不可达"uptime" : 0,"optime" : {"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),"t" : NumberLong(-1)},"optimeDurable" : {"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),"t" : NumberLong(-1)},"optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-11-01T02:42:23.164Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-11-01T02:42:01.859Z"),"pingMs" : NumberLong(2),"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "Connection refused","configVersion" : -1},{"_id" : 1,"name" : "192.168.58.149:27017","health" : 1,"state" : 2,"stateStr" : "SECONDARY","uptime" : 885,"optime" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509179151, 4),"t" : NumberLong(2)},"optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:25:51Z"),"syncingTo" : "192.168.58.150:27017","configVersion" : 1,"self" : true},{"_id" : 2,"name" : "192.168.58.150:27017","health" : 1,"state" : 1,"stateStr" : "PRIMARY", 切换回主节点"uptime" : 838,"optime" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509179151, 4),"t" : NumberLong(2)},"optimeDurable" : {"ts" : Timestamp(1509179151, 4),"t" : NumberLong(2)},"optimeDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:25:51Z"),"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:25:51Z"),"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2017-11-01T02:42:24.126Z"),"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2017-11-01T02:42:23.174Z"),"pingMs" : NumberLong(1),"electionTime" : Timestamp(1509179151, 2),"electionDate" : ISODate("2017-10-28T08:25:51Z"),"configVersion" : 1}],"ok" : 1150自动切换为主节点了 登录 150 后 执行删除kkk数据库操作
myrep:SECONDARY> use kkk switched to db kkk myrep:PRIMARY> db.dropDatabase() { "dropped" : "kkk", "ok" : 1 }149检查

myrep:SECONDARY> show dbs admin 0.000GB local 0.000GB test 0.000GB重启 147  (注意不要用 mongod启动 带上完整参数启动)
mongod --port "27017" --dbpath "/data/db" --replSet "myrep" 检查状态发现  147的数据库kkk也删除了 检查rs.status()发现 147 自动变成了从服务器

三。 jdbc操作

添加maven依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.mongodb</groupId><artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId><version>3.2.0</version></dependency> 添加测试类 (代码和之前主从一致 只是需要设置 读取偏好)

package mongo;import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Random;import org.bson.Document; import org.junit.Test;import com.mongodb.MongoClient; import com.mongodb.MongoClientOptions; import com.mongodb.ReadPreference; import com.mongodb.ServerAddress; import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable; import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection; import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor; import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase; import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;public class TestMongoMs {/*** 获取mongodb的连接* @return*/public static MongoClient getClient(){//将副本集中所有的节点都加入List<ServerAddress> seedList=new ArrayList<ServerAddress>();seedList.add(new ServerAddress("192.168.58.150", 27017));seedList.add(new ServerAddress("192.168.58.147", 27017));seedList.add(new ServerAddress("192.168.58.149", 27017));//设置偏好为 从节点读取数据 默认是主节点读取MongoClientOptions mco=MongoClientOptions.builder().readPreference(ReadPreference.secondary()).build();MongoClient mc=new MongoClient(seedList,mco);return mc;}/*** 创建集合并添加文档和document*/@Testpublic void createCollection(){MongoClient mc=getClient();MongoDatabase database=mc.getDatabase("mydb");MongoCollection<Document> mcd=database.getCollection("userInfo");for(int i=0;i<=100;i++){Document doc=new Document();doc.append("name", "ls"+i);doc.append("sex", i%2==0?"女":"男");doc.append("age", new Random().nextInt(100));mcd.insertOne(doc);}}/*** 查找集合下所有文档 具体根据条件参考删除*/@Testpublic void findCollection(){MongoClient mc=getClient();MongoDatabase database=mc.getDatabase("mydb");MongoCollection<Document> mcd=database.getCollection("userInfo");FindIterable<Document> ft=mcd.find();MongoCursor<Document> mr=ft.iterator();while(mr.hasNext()){Document doc=mr.next();System.out.println(doc.get("name")+"--"+doc.get("sex"));}}/*** 更新文档* updateOne更新找到的所有结果集中的第一条* updateMany是更新所有结果集*/@Testpublic void updateCollection(){MongoClient mc=getClient();MongoDatabase database=mc.getDatabase("mydb");MongoCollection<Document> mcd=database.getCollection("userInfo");Document doc=new Document();doc.append("sex","男");//只是找到所有sex=女 将sex改成男 其他字段不修改mcd.updateMany(Filters.eq("sex", "女"),new Document("$set",doc));}/*** 根据条件删除*/@Testpublic void deleteCollection(){MongoClient mc=getClient();MongoDatabase database=mc.getDatabase("mydb");MongoCollection<Document> mcd=database.getCollection("userInfo");//删除满足条件找到的第一条记录mcd.deleteOne(Filters.eq("sex", "女"));//两个条件都满足的所有记录都删除mcd.deleteMany(Filters.and(Filters.eq("sex", "女"),Filters.eq("name", "ls")));} }

主要代码在 MongoClient实例化位置 设置偏好为 读 从从服务器 

设置从服务器可读  db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() 

测试java结果

信息: Discovered replica set primary 192.168.58.147:27017 十一月 01, 2017 4:44:33 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log 信息: Opened connection [connectionId{localValue:4, serverValue:14}] to 192.168.58.149:27017多次测试读取都是从 从服务器

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/liaomin416100569/p/9331174.html

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