Python爬虫入门教程 33-100 《海王》评论数据抓取 scrapy

1. 海王评论数据爬取前分析

海王上映了，然后口碑炸了，对咱来说，多了一个可爬可分析的电影，美哉~

摘录一个评论

零点场刚看完，温导的电影一直很不错，无论是速7，电锯惊魂还是招魂都很棒。打斗和音效方面没话说非常棒，特别震撼。总之，DC扳回一分（￣▽￣）。比正义联盟好的不止一点半点（我个人感觉）。还有艾梅伯希尔德是真的漂亮，温导选的人都很棒。 真的第一次看到这么牛逼的电影 转场特效都吊炸天

2. 海王案例开始爬取数据

数据爬取的依旧是猫眼的评论，这部分内容咱们用把牛刀，scrapy爬取，一般情况下，用一下requests就好了

抓取地址

http://m.maoyan.com/mmdb/comments/movie/249342.json?_v_=yes&offset=15&startTime=2018-12-11%2009%3A58%3A43 复制代码

关键参数

url:http://m.maoyan.com/mmdb/comments/movie/249342.json offset:15 startTime:起始时间 复制代码

scrapy 爬取猫眼代码特别简单，我分开几个py文件即可。

Haiwang.py

import scrapy import json from haiwang.items import HaiwangItemclass HaiwangSpider(scrapy.Spider):name = 'Haiwang'allowed_domains = ['m.maoyan.com']start_urls = ['http://m.maoyan.com/mmdb/comments/movie/249342.json?_v_=yes&offset=0&startTime=0']def parse(self, response):print(response.url)body_data = response.body_as_unicode()js_data = json.loads(body_data)item = HaiwangItem()for info in js_data["cmts"]:item["nickName"] = info["nickName"]item["cityName"] = info["cityName"] if "cityName" in info else ""item["content"] = info["content"]item["score"] = info["score"]item["startTime"] = info["startTime"]item["approve"] = info["approve"]item["reply"] = info["reply"]item["avatarurl"] = info["avatarurl"]yield itemyield scrapy.Request("http://m.maoyan.com/mmdb/comments/movie/249342.json?_v_=yes&offset=0&startTime={}".format(item["startTime"]),callback=self.parse)复制代码

setting.py

设置需要配置headers

DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {"Referer":"http://m.maoyan.com/movie/249342/comments?_v_=yes","User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 Chrome/63.0.3239.26 Mobile Safari/537.36","X-Requested-With":"superagent" } 复制代码

需要配置一些抓取条件

# Obey robots.txt rules ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False # See also autothrottle settings and docs DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 1 # Disable cookies (enabled by default) COOKIES_ENABLED = False 复制代码

开启管道

# Configure item pipelines # See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html ITEM_PIPELINES = {'haiwang.pipelines.HaiwangPipeline': 300, }复制代码

items.py 获取你想要的数据

import scrapyclass HaiwangItem(scrapy.Item):# define the fields for your item here like:# name = scrapy.Field()nickName = scrapy.Field()cityName = scrapy.Field()content = scrapy.Field()score = scrapy.Field()startTime = scrapy.Field()approve = scrapy.Field()reply =scrapy.Field()avatarurl = scrapy.Field() 复制代码

pipelines.py 保存数据，数据存储到csv文件中

import os import csvclass HaiwangPipeline(object):def __init__(self):store_file = os.path.dirname(__file__) + '/spiders/haiwang.csv'self.file = open(store_file, "a+", newline="", encoding="utf-8")self.writer = csv.writer(self.file)def process_item(self, item, spider):try:self.writer.writerow((item["nickName"],item["cityName"],item["content"],item["approve"],item["reply"],item["startTime"],item["avatarurl"],item["score"]))except Exception as e:print(e.args)def close_spider(self, spider):self.file.close()复制代码

begin.py 编写运行脚本

from scrapy import cmdline cmdline.execute(("scrapy crawl Haiwang").split())复制代码

走起，搞定，等着数据来到，就可以了

总结

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