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Android 抽屉效果的导航菜单实现

发布时间:2025/6/15 Android 47 豆豆
生活随笔 收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了 Android 抽屉效果的导航菜单实现 小编觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,帮大家做个参考.

抽屉效果的导航菜单

  看了很多应用,觉得这种侧滑的抽屉效果的菜单很好。

  不用切换到另一个页面,也不用去按菜单的硬件按钮,直接在界面上一个按钮点击,菜单就滑出来,而且感觉能放很多东西。

 

  关于实现,搜索了一下,有如下两种:

  1.用SlidingDrawer:

  http://developer.android.com/reference/android/widget/SlidingDrawer.html

  但是不知道为什么这个类官方不建议再继续用了:

  Deprecated since API level 17

  2.用DrawerLayout:

  http://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/widget/DrawerLayout.html

  Guide在这里:

  http://developer.android.com/training/implementing-navigation/nav-drawer.html

 

库的引用

   首先, DrawerLayout这个类是在Support Library里的,需要加上android-support-v4.jar这个包。

  然后程序中用时在前面导入import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;

  如果找不到这个类,首先用SDK Manager更新一下Android Support Library,然后在Android SDK\extras\android\support\v4路径下找到android-support-v4.jar,复制到项目的libs路径,将其Add to Build Path.

 

代码1

  布局:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent" ><android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent" ><!-- The main content view --><!-- main content must be the first element of DrawerLayout because it will be drawn first and drawer must be on top of it --><FrameLayoutandroid:id="@+id/content_frame"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent" /><!-- The navigation drawer --><ListViewandroid:id="@+id/left_drawer"android:layout_width="240dp"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_gravity="left"android:background="#111"android:choiceMode="singleChoice"android:divider="@android:color/transparent"android:dividerHeight="0dp" /></android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout></RelativeLayout>

  

  DrawerLayout的第一个子元素是主要内容,即抽屉没有打开时显示的布局。这里采用了一个FrameLayout,里面什么也没放。

  DrawerLayout的第二个子元素是抽屉中的内容,即抽屉布局,这里采用了一个ListView。

 

 

  主要的Activity(从官方实例中扒出来的):

 

package com.example.hellodrawer;import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.res.Configuration; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.ListView; import android.support.v4.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle; import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat; import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;public class HelloDrawerActivity extends Activity {private String[] mPlanetTitles;private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;private ListView mDrawerList;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_hello_drawer);mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);// init the ListView and Adapter, nothing new initListView();// set a custom shadow that overlays the main content when the drawer// opens mDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.drawer_shadow,GravityCompat.START);mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout,R.drawable.ic_drawer, R.string.drawer_open,R.string.drawer_close){/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */public void onDrawerClosed(View view){invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to// onPrepareOptionsMenu() }/** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView){invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to// onPrepareOptionsMenu() }};// Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListener mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);// enable ActionBar app icon to behave as action to toggle nav drawergetActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);// getActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);// Note: getActionBar() Added in API level 11 }private void initListView(){mDrawerList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.left_drawer);mPlanetTitles = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.planets_array);// Set the adapter for the list viewmDrawerList.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,R.layout.list_item, mPlanetTitles));// Set the list's click listenermDrawerList.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener(){@Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,int position, long id){// Highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the// drawermDrawerList.setItemChecked(position, true);setTitle(mPlanetTitles[position]);mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mDrawerList);}});}@Overrideprotected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);// Sync the toggle state after onRestoreInstanceState has occurred. mDrawerToggle.syncState();}@Overridepublic void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig){super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);}@Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item){// Pass the event to ActionBarDrawerToggle, if it returns// true, then it has handled the app icon touch eventif (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)){return true;}// Handle your other action bar items...return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);}}

 

  比较纠结的是用了Level 11的一个API,这样minSdkVersion就有限制,不能太低。

  图片资源Android官网示例处提供下载了。

  程序运行后效果如下:

  

  抽屉打开前:

  抽屉打开后:

 

 

代码2

  今天又看了一下DrawerLayout的类,发现有很多方法可以直接用的。

  重新试了一下,其实不用上面那么麻烦,随便自己定义一个按钮控制抽屉的打开就行:

  布局:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"tools:context=".DrawerActivity" ><android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayoutandroid:id="@+id/drawer_layout"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent" ><!-- The main content view --><FrameLayoutandroid:id="@+id/content_frame"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent" ><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/btn"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="open" /></FrameLayout><!-- The navigation drawer --><ListViewandroid:id="@+id/left_drawer"android:layout_width="240dp"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:layout_gravity="start"android:background="#111"android:choiceMode="singleChoice"android:divider="@android:color/transparent"android:dividerHeight="0dp" /></android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout></RelativeLayout>

 

  主要代码:

package com.example.hellodrawer;import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout; import android.view.Gravity; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button;public class DrawerActivity extends Activity {private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout = null;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_drawer);mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){@Overridepublic void onClick(View v){// 按钮按下,将抽屉打开 mDrawerLayout.openDrawer(Gravity.LEFT);}});}}

 

 

参考资料

  官方教程:

  http://developer.android.com/design/patterns/navigation-drawer.html

  http://developer.android.com/training/implementing-navigation/nav-drawer.html

  其他参考资料:

  http://blog.chengyunfeng.com/?p=493

  http://my.eoe.cn/appadventure/archive/3826.html

 

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