SprintBoot中如何构造Bean原理分析

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MySpringBoot打算构造加入Bean的功能，代码完成，下面解释操作&原理。

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获取Bean有2种方法，

1)拿到Web容器里的ApplicationContext，调用getBean(Class)方法

2)直接在类里使用Autowired注解

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下面就来解释这2点

1)拿到ApplicationContext,代码调用getBean

写上1个类

package helper;import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import controller.UserExample;//使用方法 //在任何类中调用 //YourClass aaa=(YourClass) BeanContextHelper.getApplicationContext().getBean(YourClass.class);@Component public class BeanContextHelper implements ApplicationContextAware {private static ApplicationContext applicationContext = null;@Overridepublic void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext context) throws BeansException {if (null == applicationContext) {applicationContext = context;}System.out.println("setApplicationContext invoked...");}public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {return applicationContext;} }

这个类所在的package必须在boot main类的scan路径内。

然后setApplicationContext的方法会被调用，我们看一下调用栈

at helper.BeanContextHelper.setApplicationContext(BeanContextHelper.java:21)at org.springframework.context.support.ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.invokeAwareInterfaces(ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.java:121)at org.springframework.context.support.ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(ApplicationContextAwareProcessor.java:97)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1620)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:555)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:761)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:737)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:370)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:314)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1162)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1151)at server.Boot.main(Boot.java:13)

为什么会触发到这个函数呢？

private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) {if (bean instanceof Aware) {if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) {((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment());}if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) {((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver);}if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) {((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext);}if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) {((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext);}if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) {((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);}if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {//原因在这里((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);}}}

其实也就是，对于单例的bean,web启动时，预先构造，然后做一些初始化操作。

因为上面这个类implements ApplicationContextAware接口，所以会执行最后1行代码。

所以，如果你在任何类里面写上

FirstBean bean = (FirstBean) BeanContextHelper.getApplicationContext().getBean(FirstBean.class); System.out.println(bean);

就会拿到这个Bean的单例对象。

 

2)通过@Autowired注解

这个是自动装配，让我们看如何实现的。

假设我们有这么1个Controller类,代码如下：

package controller;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import bean.FirstBean;@RestController @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserExample {public UserExample() {System.out.println("user example . bean --->"+bean);new Exception().printStackTrace();}@SuppressWarnings("unused")@Autowiredprivate FirstBean bean;@RequestMapping(value = "/hi", method = { RequestMethod.GET })public String index() {return "{\"hello\":\"world\"}";} }

我们看到有1个Autowired注解，什么时候发挥作用的呢？

想找到这个很简单，注入一个prototype的类，打印这个prototype的栈就可以了。

尝试一把，确实可以，注入属性的位置是

at bean.ProtoTypeBean.<init>(ProtoTypeBean.java:10)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:142)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:89)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1147)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1099)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:513)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:325)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202)at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:208)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1138)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1066)at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:585)at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:366)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1264)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:553)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:761)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:122)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:737)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:370)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:314)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1162)at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1151)at server.Boot.main(Boot.java:13)

这样就找到了注入属性的位置，属性就是这样注入的。

 

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/qiangzigege/blog/905985

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