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OSPF路由聚合实验（详细）

发布时间：2025/7/14 编程问答 35 豆豆

生活随笔收集整理的这篇文章主要介绍了 OSPF路由聚合实验（详细）小编觉得挺不错的,现在分享给大家,帮大家做个参考.

理论准备：利用abr-summary 过滤区域内的路由，对区域类型没有要求。利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由，需要在区域内部的ASBR上配置，当ASBR很多时，配置比较复杂。利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由，只需要在ABR上配置，但是要求区域必需为NSSA 。 not-advertise参数：不通告匹配指定IP地址/掩码的路由一、实验证明以下两点利用abr-summary 过滤区域内的路由 abr-summary ip-address mask [ advertise | not-advertise ] 利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由 asbr-summary ip-address mask [ not-advertise | tag tag-value ] 拓扑如下，配置会在最后会贴出来，设备用的是华三的模拟器

1、1配置聚合前： <R4>dis ip ro Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 15 Routes : 15 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 3.3.3.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 3.3.3.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1 4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.1.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 6.1.2.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 6.1.3.1/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 7.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 10.1.1.4/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 R4的路由表中有三条O_ASE 6.1.0.0/16网段 [R4]dis ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.4 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.1 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 10.1.1.4 10.1.1.4 812 84 80000004 0 Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 813 48 80000002 0 Sum-Net 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.3 821 28 80000001 1562 Sum-Asbr 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.3 821 28 80000001 1562 AS External Database Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric External 6.1.2.1 10.1.1.2 266 36 80000001 1 External 6.1.3.1 10.1.1.2 266 36 80000001 1 External 6.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 266 36 80000001 1 External 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 854 36 80000001 1 External 3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 854 36 80000001 1 External 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 854 36 80000001 1 [R1] dis ip ro Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0 3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 4.4.4.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 6.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 7.1.2.1/32 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 7.1.3.1/32 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 R1的路由表中有三条ospf路由到 7.1.0.0/16网段下面我们再来分析R1的LSA [R1] dis ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.2 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.0 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 778 48 80000003 0 Router 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 782 48 80000002 0 Sum-Net 4.4.4.0 10.1.1.3 760 28 80000001 1562 Sum-Net 7.1.3.1 10.1.1.3 182 28 80000001 1562 Sum-Net 7.1.2.1 10.1.1.3 182 28 80000001 1562 Sum-Net 7.1.1.1 10.1.1.3 182 28 80000001 1562 AS External Database Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric External 6.1.2.1 10.1.1.2 202 36 80000001 1 External 6.1.3.1 10.1.1.2 202 36 80000001 1 External 6.1.1.1 10.1.1.2 202 36 80000001 1 External 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 791 36 80000001 1 External 3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 791 36 80000001 1 External 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 791 36 80000001 1 1、2 在R1上加入如命令后： ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.2 asbr-summary 6.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 import-route direct 在R2的区域1配置聚合的命令后 area 0.0.0.1 abr-summary 7.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 我们再来看路由表 <R4>dis ip ro Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 3.3.3.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 3.3.3.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1 4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.0.0/16 O_ASE 150 2 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 //聚合成功 7.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 10.1.1.4/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 [R4]dis ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.4 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.1 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 10.1.1.4 10.1.1.4 391 84 80000005 0 Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 393 48 80000003 0 Sum-Net 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.3 401 28 80000002 1562 Sum-Asbr 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.3 401 28 80000002 1562 AS External Database Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric External 6.1.0.0 10.1.1.2 74 36 80000001 2 External 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 429 36 80000002 1 External 3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 429 36 80000002 1 External 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 429 36 80000002 1 external 6.1.0.0/24的五类LSA由三条变为一条，说明聚合成功 <R1>dis ip ro Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 12 Routes : 12 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0 3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 4.4.4.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 6.1.0.0/16 OSPF 255 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0 6.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.0.0/16 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 //可见7.1.0.0/16网段已经聚合成功 10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 [R1]dis ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.1.1.2 Link State Database Area: 0.0.0.0 Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 10.1.1.3 10.1.1.3 357 48 80000004 0 Router 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 363 48 80000003 0 Sum-Net 4.4.4.0 10.1.1.3 340 28 80000002 1562 Sum-Net 7.1.0.0 10.1.1.3 29 28 80000001 1562 AS External Database Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric External 6.1.0.0 10.1.1.2 11 36 80000001 2 External 3.3.3.0 10.1.1.2 367 36 80000002 1 External 3.3.3.2 10.1.1.2 367 36 80000002 1 External 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.2 367 36 80000002 1 sum-net LSA 7.1.0.0/16由三条变为两条，聚合成功附加说明：利用abr-summary 过滤区域内的路由，对区域类型没有要求。利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由，需要在区域内部的ASBR上配置，当ASBR很多时，配置比较复杂。利用asbr-summary过滤区域内的外部路由，只需要在ABR上配置，但是要求区域必需为NSSA 。二、用实验证明加了not-advertise后不通告匹配指定IP地址/掩码的路由。在R1上加入如命令后： ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.2 not-advertise asbr-summary 6.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 import-route direct 在R2的区域1配置聚合的命令后 area 0.0.0.1 abr-summary 7.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 not-advertise 1、我们来看R4的路由表 <R4>dis ip ro Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 14 Routes : 14 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 2.2.2.0/30 OSPF 10 4686 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 2.2.2.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 3.3.3.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 3.3.3.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1 4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 7.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 10.1.1.4/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 没有6.1.0.0/16网段的路由，说明ASBR没有把这个网段通告出来 2、我们来看R1的路由表 [R1]dis ip ro Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 2.2.2.0/30 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.1 S0/6/3 2.2.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 2.2.2.2 S0/6/3 3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0 3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 4.4.4.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 6.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 6.1.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 10.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 没有7.1.0.0/16网段的路由，说明ASB没有把这个网段通告出来这里要注间了，是ABR没有通网段通告出来，那ABR上应当有7.1.0.0/16的路由，也就是说R4是把路由传给R2的请看R2的路由表 [R2]dis ip ro Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 15 Routes : 15 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface 2.2.2.0/30 OSPF 10 3124 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0 2.2.2.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0 3.3.3.0/30 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.2 S0/6/0 3.3.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0 3.3.3.2/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 4.4.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.1 S0/6/1 4.4.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 4.4.4.2/32 Direct 0 0 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1 7.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1 7.1.2.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1 7.1.3.1/32 OSPF 10 1562 4.4.4.2 S0/6/1 10.1.1.2/32 O_ASE 150 1 3.3.3.1 S0/6/0 10.1.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0 好了，实验到此结束，欢迎大家在线交流，共同学习配置如下 R1 [R1-ospf-1] dis cu # version 5.20, Alpha 1011 # sysname R1 # password-control login-attempt 3 exceed lock-time 120 # undo voice vlan mac-address 00e0-bb00-0000 # ipsec cpu-backup enable # undo cryptoengine enable # domain default enable system # vlan 1 # domain system access-limit disable state active idle-cut disable self-service-url disable # interface Serial0/6/0 link-protocol ppp ip address 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.252 # interface Serial0/6/1 link-protocol ppp # interface Serial0/6/2 link-protocol ppp # interface Serial0/6/3 link-protocol ppp # interface NULL0 # interface LoopBack0 ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.255 # interface LoopBack1 ip address 6.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 # interface LoopBack2 ip address 6.1.2.1 255.255.255.255 # interface LoopBack3 ip address 6.1.3.1 255.255.255.255 # interface Ethernet0/4/0 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/1 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/2 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/3 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/4 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/5 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/6 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/7 port link-mode bridge # ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.2 asbr-summary 6.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 not-advertise import-route direct area 0.0.0.0 network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.3 # load xml-configuration # user-interface con 0 user-interface vty 0 4 # return R2 <R2>dis cu # version 5.20, Alpha 1011 # sysname R2 # password-control login-attempt 3 exceed lock-time 120 # undo voice vlan mac-address 00e0-bb00-0000 # ipsec cpu-backup enable # undo cryptoengine enable # domain default enable system # vlan 1 # domain system access-limit disable state active idle-cut disable self-service-url disable # interface Serial0/6/0 link-protocol ppp ip address 3.3.3.2 255.255.255.252 # interface Serial0/6/1 link-protocol ppp ip address 4.4.4.1 255.255.255.252 # interface Serial0/6/2 link-protocol ppp # interface Serial0/6/3 link-protocol ppp # interface NULL0 # interface LoopBack0 ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.255.255 # interface Ethernet0/4/0 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/1 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/2 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/3 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/4 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/5 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/6 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/7 port link-mode bridge # ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.3 area 0.0.0.0 network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.3 area 0.0.0.1 abr-summary 7.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 not-advertise network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.3 # load xml-configuration # user-interface con 0 user-interface vty 0 4 # return R4 [R4-ospf-1]dis cu # version 5.20, Alpha 1011 # sysname R4 # password-control login-attempt 3 exceed lock-time 120 # undo voice vlan mac-address 00e0-bb00-0000 # ipsec cpu-backup enable # undo cryptoengine enable # domain default enable system # vlan 1 # domain system access-limit disable state active idle-cut disable self-service-url disable # interface Serial0/6/0 link-protocol ppp # interface Serial0/6/1 link-protocol ppp ip address 4.4.4.2 255.255.255.252 # interface Serial0/6/2 link-protocol ppp # interface Serial0/6/3 link-protocol ppp # interface NULL0 # interface LoopBack0 ip address 10.1.1.4 255.255.255.255 # interface LoopBack1 ip address 7.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 # interface LoopBack2 ip address 7.1.2.1 255.255.255.255 # interface LoopBack3 ip address 7.1.3.1 255.255.255.255 # interface Ethernet0/4/0 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/1 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/2 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/3 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/4 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/5 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/6 port link-mode bridge # interface Ethernet0/4/7 port link-mode bridge # ospf 1 router-id 10.1.1.4 area 0.0.0.1 network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.3 network 7.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 network 7.1.2.1 0.0.0.0 network 7.1.3.1 0.0.0.0 # load xml-configuration # user-interface con 0 user-interface vty 0 4 # return

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/hciewd/1120132

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