47.2. 配置 Tomcat 服务器

47.2.1. server.xml

47.2.1.1. Connector

tomcat 端口默认为8080, 可以通过修改下面port项改为80端口，但不建议你这样使用80端口,tomcat 会继承root权限，这是非常危险的做法。

<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443" />

性能调整

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443"maxThreads="2048" /><Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"maxThreads="2048"minSpareThreads="64"maxSpareThreads="256"acceptCount="128"enableLookups="false"redirectPort="8443"debug="0"connectionTimeout="20000"disableUploadTimeout="true"URIEncoding="UTF-8" /> maxThreads="4096" 最大连接数 minSpareThreads="50" 最小空闲线程 maxSpareThreads="100" 最大空闲线程 enableLookups="false" 禁止域名解析 acceptCount="15000" connectionTimeout="30000" 超时时间 redirectPort="8443" disableUploadTimeout="true" URIEncoding="UTF-8" UTF-8编码 protocol="AJP/1.3" AJP协议版本

47.2.1.1.1. HTTPS

<Connector port="443" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192"maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"acceptCount="100" scheme="https" secure="true"SSLEngine="on"SSLCertificateFile="${catalina.base}/conf/localhost.crt"SSLCertificateKeyFile="${catalina.base}/conf/localhost.key" />

47.2.1.1.2. compression

压缩传送数据

compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048" noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata" compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/plain,text/javascript,text/css"

47.2.1.1.3. useBodyEncodingForURI

如果你的站点编码非UTF-8,去掉URIEncoding="UTF-8"使用下面选项.

useBodyEncodingForURI="true"

47.2.1.1.4. 隐藏Tomcat版本信息

在Connector中加入server="Neo App Srv 1.0"

vim $CATALINA_HOME/conf/server.xml<Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"connectionTimeout="20000"redirectPort="8443"maxThreads="8192"minSpareThreads="64"maxSpareThreads="128"acceptCount="128"enableLookups="false"server="Neo App Srv 1.0"/> # curl -I http://localhost:8080/ HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request Transfer-Encoding: chunked Date: Thu, 20 Oct 2011 09:51:55 GMT Connection: close Server: Neo App Srv 1.0

47.2.1.2. Context

配置虚拟目录

例如我们需要这样的配置

http://www.netkiller.cn/news http://www.netkiller.cn/member http://www.netkiller.cn/product

实现方法

<Host name="localhost" appBase="/www/example.com" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"><Alias>www.example.com</Alias><Context path="news" docBase="www.example.com/news" reloadable="false"></Context><Context path="member" docBase="www.example.com/member" reloadable="false"></Context><Context path="product" docBase="www.example.com/product" reloadable="false"></Context></Host>

47.2.1.2.1. 应用程序安全

关闭war自动部署 unpackWARs="false" autoDeploy="false"。防止被植入木马等恶意程序

关闭 reloadable="false" 也用于防止被植入木马

47.2.1.2.2. JSESSIONID

修改 Cookie 变量 JSESSIONID， 这个cookie 是用于维持Session关系。建议你改为PHPSESSID。

<Context path="" docBase="path/to/your" reloadable="false" sessionCookieDomain=".example.com" sessionCookiePath="/" sessionCookieName="PHPSESSID" />

47.2.2. tomcat-users.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <tomcat-users><role rolename="manager"/> <user username="tomcat" password="QI0Ajp7" roles="manager"/></tomcat-users>

状态监控 http://localhost/manager/status

服务管理 http://localhost/manager/html/list

<tomcat-users> <!--NOTE: By default, no user is included in the "manager-gui" role requiredto operate the "/manager/html" web application. If you wish to use this app,you must define such a user - the username and password are arbitrary. --> <!--NOTE: The sample user and role entries below are wrapped in a commentand thus are ignored when reading this file. Do not forget to remove<!.. ..> that surrounds them. --> <!--<role rolename="tomcat"/><role rolename="role1"/><user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat"/><user username="both" password="tomcat" roles="tomcat,role1"/><user username="role1" password="tomcat" roles="role1"/> --><role rolename="manager-gui"/><role rolename="manager-script"/><role rolename="manager-jmx"/><role rolename="manager-status"/><user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,manager-jmx,manager-status"/><role rolename="admin-gui"/><role rolename="admin-script"/><user username="admin" password="admin" roles="admin-gui,admin-script"/></tomcat-users>

47.2.3. context.xml

context.xml 主要用于配置 数据库连接池

开启热部署，生产环境不建议使用

<Context reloadable="true">

47.2.3.1. Resources

org.apache.catalina.webresources.Cache.getResource Unable to add the resource at [/WEB-INF/lib/netkiller.jar] to the cache because there was insufficient free space available after evicting expired cache entries - consider increasing the maximum size of the cache

<Resources cachingAllowed="true" cacheMaxSize="100000" />

47.2.3.2. session cookie

<Context sessionCookieName="PHPSESSID" sessionCookieDomain=".example.com" sessionCookiePath="/"><!-- ... --> </Context>

47.2.4. logging.properties

修改日志目录

1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.level = FINE #1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.directory = /www/logs/tomcat 1catalina.org.apache.juli.FileHandler.prefix = catalina.

47.2.5. catalina.properties

配置跳过扫描*.jar

tomcat.util.scan.StandardJarScanFilter.jarsToSkip=\*.jar

context.xml

<JarScanner scanClassPath="false"/>

原文出处：Netkiller 系列 手札
本文作者：陈景峯
转载请与作者联系，同时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。

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