View - RemoteViews
设计Android的工程师起名字还是挺规范的,而且一眼就知道是什么意思。RemoteViews,顾名思义,远程的View。Android为了能让进程A显示进程B的View,设计了这么一种View(其实不是真正的View)。其实我们开发过程中,发通知到状态栏显示也是利用了RemoteViews,我们来了解一下RemoteViews吧。
我们先看看RemoteViews怎么配合Notification使用:
import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Notification; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.RemoteViews;@SuppressLint("NewApi") public class MainActivity extends Activity {private RemoteViews contentView;private Notification notification;private NotificationManager notificationManager;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);sendNotification();}private void sendNotification() {contentView = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.layout_remote);contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.remote_title, "Remote View Title");contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.remote_content, "This Remote View Content ... \nThis Remote View Content ... \nThis Remote View Content ...");Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);// RemoteViews的事件只能是PendingIntent contentView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.remote_content, pendingIntent);notification = new Notification.Builder(this) .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis()) // 设置显示通知的时间.setAutoCancel(true) // 设置是否可以手动取消.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher) // 设置在状态栏的小图标,如果没有设置,不显示通知.setCustomBigContentView(contentView) // 设置自定义View,setCustomBigContentView可以显示remoteviews的完整高度,setCustomContentView只能显示系统通知栏高度。 .build();notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);// 发通知notificationManager.notify(1, notification);}}其中R.layout.layout_remote布局文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:padding="10dp"android:orientation="vertical" ><TextView android:id="@+id/remote_title"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:textSize="18sp"android:textColor="@android:color/holo_blue_light"/><TextView android:id="@+id/remote_content"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_marginTop="3dp"android:textSize="16sp"android:textColor="@android:color/darker_gray"/></LinearLayout>
效果如图所示:
因为我是调用setCustomBigContentView来加载RemoteViews的,所以RemoteViews可以显示完整,不受系统通知栏高度限制。
我们接下来解析状态栏是怎么加载我们定义的RemoteViews的,Let’s Go !!
RemoteViews加载
我们首先要知道状态栏是SystemServer进程,而我们定义的RemoteViews是在我们App进程,状态栏要加载并显示我们的RemoteViews,这肯定是通过IPC,主要实现是Binder。
RemoteViews会通过Binder传递给SystemServer进程,系统会根据RemoteViews的包名和布局id等信息,获取到应用的资源(布局文件,图标等),然后通过LayoutInflater加载RemoteViews中的布局文件,最后在状态栏和通知栏显示出来。
RemoteViews更新
RemoteViews提供了很多个方法,更新RemoteViews的布局文件:
// 部分方法 - setTextViewText(viewId, text) 设置文本 - setTextColor(viewId, color) 设置文本颜色 - setTextViewTextSize(viewId, units, size) 设置文本大小 - setImageViewBitmap(viewId, bitmap) 设置图片 - setImageViewResource(viewId, srcId) 根据图片资源设置图片 - setViewPadding(viewId, left, top, right, bottom) 设置Padding间距 - setOnClickPendingIntent(viewId, pendingIntent) 设置点击事件 - setInt(viewId, methodName, value) 反射调用参数为int的methodName方法 - setLong(viewId, methodName, value) 反射调用参数为long的methodName方法 ...当调用以上方法来更新RemoteViews时,RemoteViews并 不会立刻更新,只是封装了一系列的Action,然后等待时机更新。
我们从源码分析,当我们调用setTextViewText来更新内容时:
private void updateNotification() {contentView.setTextViewText(R.id.remote_content, "This Remote View Update Content ... \nThis Remote View Update Content ... \nThis Remote View Update Content ...");notificationManager.notify(1, notification); }
我们来看看setTextViewText源码:
// RemoteViews类 public void setTextViewText(int viewId, CharSequence text) {setCharSequence(viewId, "setText", text); }
调用了setCharSequence方法:
// RemoteViews类 public void setCharSequence(int viewId, String methodName, CharSequence value) {addAction(new ReflectionAction(viewId, methodName, ReflectionAction.CHAR_SEQUENCE, value)); }
addAction方法:
// RemoteViews类 private void addAction(Action a) {if (hasLandscapeAndPortraitLayouts()) {throw new RuntimeException("RemoteViews specifying separate landscape and portrait" +" layouts cannot be modified. Instead, fully configure the landscape and" +" portrait layouts individually before constructing the combined layout.");}if (mActions == null) {mActions = new ArrayList<Action>();}mActions.add(a);a.updateMemoryUsageEstimate(mMemoryUsageCounter); }
可以看出,整个set过程,只是封装了一个Action并添加到mActions(一个List)中,所以这个过程并没有更新RemoteViews哦。我们看看ReflectionAction是什么:
// ReflectionAction类 private final class ReflectionAction extends Action {...ReflectionAction(int viewId, String methodName, int type, Object value) {this.viewId = viewId;this.methodName = methodName;this.type = type;this.value = value;}... }
就是储存了一些属性,主要是传递给SystemServer进程的一些更新RemoteViews布局信息。
当我们调用notificationManager.notify(1, notification)方法,RemoteViews布局才会开始更新。
我们来看看notify代码:
最终调用了notifyAsUser方法:
// NotificationManager类 public void notifyAsUser(String tag, int id, Notification notification, UserHandle user){...INotificationManager service = getService();...final Notification copy = Builder.maybeCloneStrippedForDelivery(notification);try {service.enqueueNotificationWithTag(pkg, mContext.getOpPackageName(), tag, id,copy, idOut, user.getIdentifier());...} catch (RemoteException e) {throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();} }
service为INotificationManager的代理对象,调用了enqueueNotificationWithTag方法后,通过Binder,也就调用了NotificationManagerService(INotificationManager的存根对象,存在于SystemServer进程)的enqueueNotificationWithTag方法:
// NotificationManagerService类 public void enqueueNotificationWithTag(String pkg, String packageName, String tag, int id, Notification notification, int[] idOut, @UserIdInt userIdInt) {...StatusBarNotification n = new StatusBarNotification(pkg, id, tag, r.uid, r.initialPid, notification);try { mStatusBar.updateNotification(r.statusBarKey, n) ...}... }
调用了StatusBarNotification的updateNotification方法:
// StatusBarNotification类 public void updateNotification(IBinder key, StatusBarNotification notification) {...final RemoteViews contentView = notification.notification.contentView;...contentView.reapply(mContext, oldEntry.content);... }
最终在SystemServer进程调用了RemoteViews的reapply方法:
// RemoteViews类 public void reapply(Context context, View v) {reapply(context, v, null); } public void reapply(Context context, View v, OnClickHandler handler) {RemoteViews rvToApply = getRemoteViewsToApply(context);if (hasLandscapeAndPortraitLayouts()) {if (v.getId() != rvToApply.getLayoutId()) {throw new RuntimeException("Attempting to re-apply RemoteViews to a view that" +" that does not share the same root layout id.");}}rvToApply.performApply(v, (ViewGroup) v.getParent(), handler); }
最终调用了RemoteViews的performApply方法:
// RemoteViews类 private void performApply(View v, ViewGroup parent, OnClickHandler handler) {if (mActions != null) {handler = handler == null ? DEFAULT_ON_CLICK_HANDLER : handler;final int count = mActions.size();for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {Action a = mActions.get(i);a.apply(v, parent, handler);}} }
我们之前setXXX方法时不是储存了Action吗,通过调用performApply方法,遍历所有Action,然后更新RemoteViews的布局文件。代码中,调用了Action的apply方法实现View的更新,Action是一个抽象类,apply方法由子类实现。我们看看ReflectionAction类的apply方法:
// ReflectionAction类 private final class ReflectionAction extends Action {...@Overridepublic void apply(View root, ViewGroup rootParent, OnClickHandler handler) {final View view = root.findViewById(viewId);if (view == null) return;Class<?> param = getParameterType();if (param == null) {throws new ActionException("bad type : " + this.type);}try {getMethod(view, this.methodName, param).invoke(view, wrapArg(this.value));} catch (ActionException e) {throws e;} catch (Exception ex) {throws new ActionException(ex);}}... }
主要是通过反射,调用View的方法,更新View。
注意
RemoteViews设置的布局文件并不支持所有的View,以下是RemoteViews所支持的View:
layout
FrameLayout,LinearLayout,RelativeLayout,GridLayout
view
Button,ImageView,ImageButton,TextView,ProgressBar,ListView,GridView,StackView,ViewStub,AdapterViewFlipper,ViewFlipper,AnalogClock,Chronometer
小结
通过对RemoteViews的了解,我们灵活的设计出多样式的RemoteViews,还可以在不用应用(A)显示自己应用(B)想要显示的View,这个有需要再探索。
转: https://blog.csdn.net/johanman/article/details/76019771
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/blosaa/p/9564332.html
总结
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