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创建交互式shell脚本对话框
发布时间:2025/7/25
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创建交互式shell脚本对话框
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当你在终端环境下安装新的软件时,你可以经常看到信息对话框弹出,需要你的输入,比如:RHEL/CentOS自带的setup,对话框的类型有密码箱、检查表、菜单等等。他们可以引导你以一种直观的方式输入必要的信息,使用这样的用户友好的对话框的好处是显而易见的。如下图所示:
当你写一个交互式shell脚本,你可以使用这样的对话框来接受用户的输入。whiptail可以在shell脚本中创建基于终端的对话框,消息框的过程,类似于Zenity或xdialog GUI脚本代码。whiptail预先安装在所有的Linux发布版本中。
语法:
whiptail --title "<message box title>" --msgbox "<text to show>" <height> <width>实例:
#!/bin/bash whiptail --title "Test Message Box" --msgbox "Create a message box with whiptail. Choose Ok to continue." 10 60语法:
whiptail --title "<dialog box title>" --yesno "<text to show>" <height> <width>实例:
#!/bin/bash if (whiptail --title "Test Yes/No Box" --yesno "Choose between Yes and No." 10 60) thenecho "You chose Yes. Exit status was $?." elseecho "You chose No. Exit status was $?." fi
或者,你可以是“--yes-button” ,"--no-button"选项。
语法:
whiptail --title "<input box title>" --inputbox "<text to show>" <height> <width> <default-text>实例:
#!/bin/bash PET=$(whiptail --title "Test Free-form Input Box" --inputbox "What is your pet's name?" 10 60 Wigglebutt 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)exitstatus=$? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; thenecho "Your pet name is:" $PET elseecho "You chose Cancel." fi语法:
whiptail --title "<password box title>" --passwordbox "<text to show>" <height> <width>实例:
#!/bin/bash PASSWORD=$(whiptail --title "Test Password Box" --passwordbox "Enter your password and choose Ok to continue." 10 60 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)exitstatus=$? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; thenecho "Your password is:" $PASSWORD elseecho "You chose Cancel." fi语法:
whiptail --title "<menu title>" --menu "<text to show>" <height> <width> <menu height> [ <tag> <item> ] . . .实例:
#!/bin/bash OPTION=$(whiptail --title "Test Menu Dialog" --menu "Choose your option" 15 60 4 \ "1" "Grilled Spicy Sausage" \ "2" "Grilled Halloumi Cheese" \ "3" "Charcoaled Chicken Wings" \ "4" "Fried Aubergine" 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)exitstatus=$? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; thenecho "Your chosen option:" $OPTION elseecho "You chose Cancel." fi语法:
whiptail --title "<radiolist title>" --radiolist "<text to show>" <height> <width> <list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . .实例:
#!/bin/bash DISTROS=$(whiptail --title "Test Checklist Dialog" --radiolist \ "What is the Linux distro of your choice?" 15 60 4 \ "debian" "Venerable Debian" ON \ "ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF \ "centos" "Stable CentOS" OFF \ "mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)exitstatus=$? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; thenecho "The chosen distro is:" $DISTROS elseecho "You chose Cancel." fi语法:
whiptail --title "<checklist title>" --checklist "<text to show>" <height> <width> <list height> [ <tag> <item> <status> ] . . .实例:
#!/bin/bash DISTROS=$(whiptail --title "Test Checklist Dialog" --checklist \ "Choose preferred Linux distros" 15 60 4 \ "debian" "Venerable Debian" ON \ "ubuntu" "Popular Ubuntu" OFF \ "centos" "Stable CentOS" ON \ "mint" "Rising Star Mint" OFF 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)exitstatus=$? if [ $exitstatus = 0 ]; thenecho "Your favorite distros are:" $DISTROS elseecho "You chose Cancel." fi语法:
whiptail --gauge "<test to show>" <height> <width> <inital percent>实例:
#!/bin/bash {for ((i = 0 ; i <= 100 ; i+=20)); dosleep 1echo $idone } | whiptail --gauge "Please wait while installing" 6 60 0本文转载自:https://www.linuxprobe.com/create-interactive-shell-script.html
转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/linuxprobe/p/5371594.html
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