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bst 删除节点_C ++程序查找具有N个节点的BST数量(加泰罗尼亚编号)

发布时间:2023/12/1 编程问答 53 豆豆
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bst 删除节点

Problem statement: C++ program to find number of binary search trees with n nodes.

问题陈述: C ++程序查找具有n个节点的二进制搜索树的数量。

Input format: single integer n

输入格式:单整数n

Constraints: 0=<n<=15

约束: 0 = <n <= 15

Sample input: 4

样本输入: 4

Sample output: 14 binary search tree/trees are there for 4 nodes

输出示例: 14个二叉搜索树/四个树的树

Problem explanation:

问题说明:

The number of BSTs with n vertices is given by Catalan numbers. For n=0,1,2,3,4... Catalan numbers are 1,1,2,5,14... and so on.

具有n个顶点的BST的数量由加泰罗尼亚语数字给出。 对于n = 0,1,2,3,4 ...加泰罗尼亚语数字是1,1,2,5,14 ...依此类推。

Catalan numbers are given by Cn = (2n)!/(n+1)!*n! = count of BSTs with nodes n.

加泰罗尼亚数字由Cn =(2n)!/(n + 1)!* n! =节点为n的BST的计数 。

Catalan numbers are used here to find the count of BSTs because both satisfy same recurrence relation that is:

由于两者都满足相同的递归关系,因此此处使用加泰罗尼亚语数字查找BST的计数:

For n=0 number of trees is 1 i.e. empty tree. For subsequent values:

对于n = 0 ,树的数量为1,即空树。 对于后续值:

And, so on...

等等...

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Solution:

解:

If we consider root as the ith node then:

如果我们将root视为第i 节点,则:

  • i-1 nodes are there in left subtree.

    i-1节点在左子树中。

  • n-i nodes are there in right subtree.

    ni个节点在右子树中。

  • Let’s denote count of BST by Bn for n elements

    我们用n表示Bn的BST计数

    The 2 subtrees here will be independent of each other. Therefore it will be ( B i-1 * B n-i ) for Bi . For n nodes (as i has n choices) it will be :

    这里的2个子树将彼此独立。 因此,Bi将为(B i-1 * B ni)。 对于n个节点(因为我有n个选择),它将为:

    Since the recurrence relation is same as of catalan numbers , so count of BST is given by Cn.

    由于递归关系与加泰罗尼亚数相同,因此BST的计数由Cn给出。

    Recurrence relation:

    递归关系:

    This gives complexity O(4^n). Complexity can be reduced to O(n^2) by using DP.

    这给出了复杂度O(4 ^ n)。 使用DP可以将复杂度降低到O(n ^ 2)。

    C++ implementation:

    C ++实现:

    #include <iostream> using namespace std;int CN(int n){int Cn =0;// base caseif(n==0) // empty tree{return 1;}for(int i=1;i<n+1;i++){Cn+= CN(i-1)*CN(n-i);}return Cn; }int main(){int n;cout<<"Enter number of nodes: ";cin>>n;cout<<n<<endl;int trees=CN(n);cout<<trees<<" binary search trees are there for "<<n<<" nodes"<<endl;return 0; }

    Output

    输出量

    Enter number of nodes: 4 14 binary search trees are there for 4 nodes

    翻译自: https://www.includehelp.com/cpp-programs/find-number-of-bsts-with-n-nodes-catalan-numbers.aspx

    bst 删除节点

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