利用keepalived和haproxy配置mysql的高可用负载均衡

http://www.cnblogs.com/tae44/p/4717334.html

实验系统：CentOS 6.6_x86_64（2.6.32-504.30.3.el6.x86_64）

实验前提：防火墙和selinux都关闭

实验说明：本实验共有4台主机，IP分配如拓扑

实验软件：keepalived-1.2.19　　haproxy-1.5.14　　mariadb-10.0.20

下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bnnYiMr

实验拓扑：

　　　　

一、安装mariadb

　　1.在两台数据库服务器安装：

tar xf mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ cd /usr/local/ ln -sv mariadb-10.0.20-linux-x86_64 mysql useradd -r mysql mkdir -pv /mydata/data chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/ cd mysql/ chown -R root.mysql . scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data/ cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on

　　2.配置主主复制：

　　　　19.74：

vim /etc/my.cnf -----------------------------------------------> [mysqld] server-id = 1 datadir = /mydata/data log-bin = /mydata/data/mysql1-bin binlog_format = ROW relay_log = /mydata/data/relay-log auto-increment-increment = 2 auto-increment-offset = 1 sync_binlog = 1 sync_master_info = 1 sync_relay_log = 1 sync_relay_log_info = 1

　　　　19.76：

vim /etc/my.cnf -----------------------------------------------> [mysqld] server-id = 2 datadir = /mydata/data log-bin = /mydata/data/mysql2-bin binlog_format = ROW relay_log = /mydata/data/relay-log auto-increment-increment = 2 auto-increment-offset = 2 sync_binlog = 1 sync_master_info = 1 sync_relay_log = 1 sync_relay_log_info = 1

　　3.创建具有复制权限的用户：

　　　　19.74：

service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ------------------------------------------> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'master'@'192.168.19.76' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

　　　　19.76：

service mysqld start /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ------------------------------------------> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'master'@'192.168.19.74' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

　　4.查看二进制位置：

　　　　19.74：

SHOW MASTER LOGS;

　　　　

　　　　19.76上使用相同命令：

　　　　

　　5.配置双主：

　　　　19.74：

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.19.76',MASTER_USER='master',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql2-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=1112; START SLAVE;

　　　　19.76：

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.19.74',MASTER_USER='master',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql1-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=1112; START SLAVE;

二、编译安装haproxy

　　1.在19.66和19.79上编译安装haproxy：

tar xf haproxy-1.5.14.tar.gz cd haproxy-1.5.14 make TARGET=linux2628 ARCH=x86_64 //根据自己主机设定 make install SBINDIR=/usr/sbin/ MANDIR=/usr/share/man/ DOCDIR=/usr/share/doc/

　　2.提供启动脚本：

vim /etc/init.d/haproxy ---------------------------------------------------> #!/bin/sh # # haproxy # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: HAProxy is a free, very fast and reliable solution \ # offering high availability, load balancing, and \ # proxying for TCP and HTTP-based applications # processname: haproxy # config: /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg # pidfile: /var/run/haproxy.pid# Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network# Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0exec="/usr/sbin/haproxy" prog=$(basename $exec)[ -e /etc/sysconfig/$prog ] && . /etc/sysconfig/$progcfgfile=/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg pidfile=/var/run/haproxy.pid lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/haproxycheck() {$exec -c -V -f $cfgfile $OPTIONS }start() {$exec -c -q -f $cfgfile $OPTIONSif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Errors in configuration file, check with $prog check."return 1fiecho -n $"Starting $prog: "# start it up here, usually something like "daemon $exec"daemon $exec -D -f $cfgfile -p $pidfile $OPTIONSretval=$?echo[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfilereturn $retval }stop() {echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "# stop it here, often "killproc $prog"killproc $progretval=$?echo[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfilereturn $retval }restart() {$exec -c -q -f $cfgfile $OPTIONSif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Errors in configuration file, check with $prog check."return 1fistopstart }reload() {$exec -c -q -f $cfgfile $OPTIONSif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Errors in configuration file, check with $prog check."return 1fiecho -n $"Reloading $prog: "$exec -D -f $cfgfile -p $pidfile $OPTIONS -sf $(cat $pidfile)retval=$?echoreturn $retval }force_reload() {restart }fdr_status() {status $prog }case "$1" instart|stop|restart|reload)$1;;force-reload)force_reload;;check)check;;status)fdr_status;;condrestart|try-restart)[ ! -f $lockfile ] || restart;;*)echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}"exit 2 esac
<---------------------------------------------------
chkconfig --add haproxy
chkconfig haproxy on
chmod +x /etc/init.d/haproxy

　　3.提供配置文件：

mkdir /etc/haproxy
mkdir /var/lib/haproxy
useradd -r haproxy vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg ----------------------------------------------------------------------->
globallog 127.0.0.1 local2chroot /var/lib/haproxypidfile /var/run/haproxy.pidmaxconn 4000user haproxygroup haproxydaemonstats socket /var/lib/haproxy/statsdefaultsmode tcp //haproxy运行模式log globaloption dontlognulloption redispatchretries 3timeout http-request 10stimeout queue 1mtimeout connect 10stimeout client 1mtimeout server 1mtimeout http-keep-alive 10stimeout check 10smaxconn 600 //最大连接数

listen stats //配置haproxy状态页
    mode http
    bind :6677 //找一个比较特殊的端口
    stats enable
    stats hide-version //隐藏haproxy版本号
    stats uri     /haproxyadmin?stats //一会用于打开状态页的uri
    stats realm   Haproxy\ Statistics //输入账户密码时的提示文字
    stats auth    admin:admin //用户名:密码
    stats admin if TRUE //开启状态页的管理功能
frontend main *:3306 //这里为了实验方便，使用3306端口default_backend mysql //后端服务器组名backend mysqlbalance     leastconn //使用最少连接方式调度
    server m1 192.168.19.74:3306 check port 3306 maxconn 300
    server m2 192.168.19.76:3306 check port 3306 maxconn 300

 　　4.启动日志：

vim /etc/rsyslog.conf -----------------------------------------------------> # Provides UDP syslog reception //去掉下面两行注释，开启UDP监听 $ModLoad imudp $UDPServerRun 514local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log //添加此行
<-----------------------------------------------------
service rsyslog restart

 　　5.启动测试haproxy：

service haproxy start
netstat -tnlp

　

　　6.在19.74上创建远程登录账号：

GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'jason'@'192.168.19.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

　　7.分别在19.66和19.79上登录mysql，若都能连接成功则继续往下：

yum -y install mysql //如果没有mysql客户端则运行此命令
mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.66 //在19.66上登录
mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.79 //在19.79上登录

三、安装keepalived

　　1.在19.66和19.79上编译安装keepalived：

tar xf keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz cd keepalived-1.2.19 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sbindir=/usr/sbin/ --sysconfdir=/etc/ --mandir=/usr/local/share/man/ --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-504.30.3.el6.x86_64/ //内核版本换成自己主机的 make && make install chkconfig --add keepalived chkconfig keepalived on

 　　2.在19.66上配置：

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ----------------------------------------------------->
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs { //此段暂时略过，下同
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {script "/etc/keepalived/chk.sh" //检查haproxy的脚本interval 2 //每两秒检查一次 }vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUP //定义为BACKUP节点nopreempt //开启不抢占interface eth0virtual_router_id 51priority 100 //开启了不抢占，所以此处优先级必须高于另一台advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass abcd}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.19.150 //配置VIP}
    track_script {
        chk_haproxy //调用检查脚本
    }
notify_backup "/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"notify_fault "/etc/init.d/haproxy stop" }

　　3.在19.79上配置：

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ----------------------------------------------------->
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   notification_email {
     acassen@firewall.loc
     failover@firewall.loc
     sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {script "/etc/keepalived/chk.sh"interval 2 }vrrp_instance VI_1 {state BACKUPinterface eth0virtual_router_id 51priority 99advert_int 1authentication {auth_type PASSauth_pass abcd}virtual_ipaddress {192.168.19.150}
    track_script {
        chk_haproxy
    }notify_backup "/etc/init.d/haproxy restart"notify_fault "/etc/init.d/haproxy stop" }

　　4.在两台机器上创建chk.sh文件：

vim /etc/keepalived/chk.sh ------------------------------------------------>
#!/bin/bash
#
if [ $(ps -C haproxy --no-header | wc -l) -eq 0 ]; then
       /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
fi
<------------------------------------------------
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/chk.sh

　　5.在19.66和19.79上进行测试：

service keepalived start

　　　　此处两台主机均配置为BACKUP，因此哪台先运行keepalived，VIP就在哪台上。我这里刚开始VIP运行在19.66上，然后进行连接测试：

　　　　

mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.150
------------------------------------------->
CREATE DATABASE bokeyuan；

　　　　后端数据库服务器抓包：

　　　　

　　　　停掉19.66的keepalived服务，让VIP转移到19.79上，再进行测试：

service keepalived stop //停掉19.66的keepalived服务
mysql -ujason -p123456 -h192.168.19.150
------------------------------------------->
SHOW DATABASES;

　　　　后端数据库服务器抓包：

　　　　

　　6.在浏览器打开http://192.168.19.150:6677/haproxyadmin?stats，打开haproxy状态页：

　　　　在19.74上关闭mysql服务，可以看到haproxy对于后端服务器的检测是很迅速的：

service mysqld stop

　　7.额外说明：

　　　　继续之前的实验，将19.66上的keepalived服务再次启动，可以发现，VIP仍然在19.79上，这就是之前为什么要配置不抢占的原因。如果按照正常的配置，将19.66配置为MASTER，当它重启keepalived服务后，则一定会将VIP抢回。但实际上我们并不希望这样，因为19.79仍在正常工作，19.66没有理由去抢夺资源，造成没必要的资源切换。实验演示就到这里，谢谢大家！

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/hyl8218/p/7612512.html

总结

以上是生活随笔为你收集整理的利用keepalived和haproxy配置mysql的高可用负载均衡的全部内容，希望文章能够帮你解决所遇到的问题。

如果觉得生活随笔网站内容还不错，欢迎将生活随笔推荐给好友。